施工机械设备的安全管理不仅仅是安全管理的范畴
施工现场自制设备设计上的不安全因素。有的单位自制的简易机械设备,由于受到主观认识、技术水平、经济能力所限, 很容易存在安全隐患。在维修机械设备过程中，购买的配件贪图便宜，质量不合格的零部件装配到机械设备上去, 成为事故的隐患, 如l根质量不合格的刹车线导致一场重大事故，1条有质量缺陷的轮胎都会在施工运行中导致爆胎，使车辆侧翻发生重大机械安全事故等。在机械保养的过程中辅助材料不合格、不符合使用标准,就可以使机械发动机遭受很大损坏，不合格的钢丝绳起吊重物等,都可能引起安全事故。设备调动频繁，无法对机械设备进行彻底的维修保养，经常带病作业，在工作强度密集的情况下，操作手稍有疏忽就会酿成安全事故。
the construction site unsafe factors in the design of the homemade equipment. some units of homemade simple mechanical device, due to subjective awareness, technology level and economic ability, it is easy to pose a safety hazard. in the process of maintenance machinery and equipment, to purchase the accessories covet is cheap, quality is not qualified parts and components to the mechanical equipment, become the hidden danger of accident if l root quality brake line, leading to a major accident, 1 the tire with quality defects will result in a blowout in the construction operation, make the major mechanical vehicle rollover accidents, etc. in the process of mechanical maintenance of auxiliary material is not qualified, do not accord with standard of use, can make the mechanical engine suffered great damage, the unqualified wire rope lifting heavy objects, etc., are likely to cause safety accidents. equipment frequently and can't to complete maintenance of machinery and equipment, often work, in spite of under the condition of intensive work intensity, the operator slightly negligence can lead to safety accident.
3、机械设备安全管理中环境的因素
3, the environment factors in the mechanical equipment safety management
由于公路施工机械都是在高温、严寒、多雨的天气、软地基、坡道等野外环境施工,再加上夜间施工照明不够、交通状况复杂等环境,容易造成事故。
due to road construction machinery are in the high temperature, cold, rainy weather, the soft foundation, slope, such as outdoor environment construction, coupled with the night lighting is not enough, the complex traffic environment construction, easy to cause an accident.
现以施工现场最常见的压路机的安全管理举一个小列子：某项目经理部在进行路基填方作业收工时，项目主要负责人在现场对现场负责人兼压路机驾驶员做了施工任务和施工方法的安排和布置。深沟填方采用机械施工，用推土机开一条便道(180m，27°）连接沟底和地面，由一台推土机用钢丝绳拖拽一台装载机、一台压路机经便道下到沟底。施工方法是由推土机向沟下推土，压路机、装载机在沟下作业。项目领导曾口头交待机械送下去以后，不准再开上来，加油加水、机械故障维修都在沟底进行。机械将随着大沟的填方上升，直到填平到位，自然升至地面。现场施工一段时间后，压路机司机私自想将压路机回驻地，当压路机爬到距沟底40多米(即将到地面时)，压路机突然失去动力，开始下滑，当下滑至距沟底28m拐弯处发生侧翻，压路机司机被变形的驾驶室与方向盘卡住胸部，无法动弹，导致安全事故发生。
now with the safety management of construction site of the most common roller to take a small example: a project in the roadbed fill operations intends to call it a day, the project principal at the scene of the scene and director of the roller driver to do the arrangement and layout of construction projects and construction method. deep trench fill with mechanical construction, bulldozers to open a detour (180 m, 27 °) connection groove and the ground, by a bulldozer with wire rope drag and drop a loader, a roller by the walk down to the bottom. construction method is by bulldozers to ditch the bulldozing, rollers, loaders in the ditch under the homework. project leader had oral confessed after machine down, not to open up, gas and water, mechanical fault maintenance is done in the groove. machinery will fill up with big ditch, until fill in place, the natural to the ground. site construction after a period of time, want to secretly roller roller driver back to headquarters, when roller up to 40 meters from bottom () to the ground as soon as, roller suddenly loses power, began to decline, as fell to spacing groove 28 m turning occurs, roller by deformation of the cab driver and the steering wheel stuck chest, unable to move, lead to safety accident.
1、事故原因分析
1, analysis of the cause of the accident
1）技术交底方面
1) technical disclosure
(1)压路机检修保养不及时，设备技术性能不符合标准。（物的因素）
(1) rollers overhaul maintenance, not in time equipment technical performance are not up to the standard. (factors) of
(2)上下沟的便道坡度过大，不符合规定。（环境因素）
(2) up and down the channel service road slope is too large, do not conform to the rules. factors (environment)
