ted英文演讲稿

第1篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计921个字，预计看完需要3分钟，共有128位用户收藏，14人推荐！

good morning dear young fellows from suntrans,

today is my two months and two days celebration of working in suntrans. this is my first job, and i am very glad tohave it, and to stand here sharing my feelings with all of you.

today my topic is a little bit long, it is,the happy days of my dear little young fellows and me spent together in our companysuntrans. we had numerous happy days together, and every day is memorable. itis so long that if i share every moment with you, this meeting may last three days or even longer. so in order to give us time to work, to eat, to go homeand to sleep, i will only share three most memorable moments we had together.

the first memorable moment for me was thecompany activity held in may by our human resources department. we played games together and had a great time. that day was my 25th birthday, but that is not the most important reason whyi remember it so well. firstly, i learned our company’s history, and felt thatit is very difficult to start a business, and thought that everyone in ourcompany is very hard working. secondly, i joined maple’s team that day,although we almost lost all of the competitions, everyone was so happy andfriendly and my team made me understood the meaning of the phrase– “team spirit”。i began to understand and like our company after that day’s activity.

the second memorable moment for me was the birthday party held in may. i never had such a birthday party before, what’s more, my birthday is the same month as our general manager lu, and i felt very honored and grateful. i received a lot of warm celebration words from all of you and a lovely birthday card. i was so moved that day and had the feeling that i am a part of this big family. when i blew off the candles, i made three wishes, firstly, make progress in english, secondly, make progress in japanese,thirdly, do my best to become a good translator in suntrans. i hope my wisheswill come true in the future.

the third memorable moment for me was the second experience exchanging forum of mining investment 20xx. this is the first time i took part in such a big conference, and i was very excited and willing to do something for it. we did work very hard for this conference, and even asked the dragon boat festival to contribute. this conference gave me a great workexperience and taught me many things: for example how to do advertising and marketing, and a great knowledge in mining industry. the most important is, our young fellows’team work is very brilliant, and i love our company more thanever after this conference.

these are the three most memorable moments for me that i spent with all of you in suntrans, i hope that we can create moreand more in the future.

thank you all, best wishes with love.

gini

第2篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计6089个字，预计看完需要16分钟，共有270位用户收藏，13人推荐！

演讲者：shaka senghor

| 中英文演讲稿 |

twenty-three years ago, at the age of 19, i shot and killed a man. i was a young drug dealer with a quick temper and a semi-automatic pistol.

but that wasn't the end of my story. in fact, it was beginning, and the 23 years since is a story of acknowledgment, apology and atonement. but it didn't happen in the way that you might imagine or think. these things occurred in my life in a way that was surprising, especially to me.

see, like many of you, growing up, i was an honor roll student, a scholarship student, with dreams of becoming a doctor. but things went dramatically wrong when my parents separated and eventually divorced.

the actual events are pretty straightforward. at the age of 17, i got shot three times standing on the corner of my block in detroit. my friend rushed me to the hospital. doctors pulled the bullets out, patched me up, and sent me back to the same neighborhood where i got shot. throughout this ordeal, no one hugged me, no one counseled me, no one told me i would be okay. no one told me that i would live in fear, that i would become paranoid, or that i would react hyper-violently to being shot. no one told me that one day, i would become the person behind the trigger. fourteen months later, at 2 a.m., i fired the shots that caused a man's death.

when i entered prison, i was bitter, i was angry, i was hurt. i didn't want to take responsibility. i blamed everybody from my parents to the system. i rationalized my decision to shoot because in the hood where i come from, it's better to be the shooter than the person getting shot. as i sat in my cold cell, i felt helpless, unloved and abandoned. i felt like nobody cared, and i reacted with hostility to my confinement. and i found myself getting deeper and deeper into trouble. i ran black market stores, i loan sharked, and i sold drugs that were illegally smuggled into the prison. i had in fact become what the warden of the michigan reformatory called 'the worst of the worst.' and because of my activity, i landed in solitary confinement for seven and a half years out of my incarceration.

now as i see it, solitary confinement is one of the most inhumane and barbaric places you can find yourself, but find myself i did. one day, i was pacing my cell, when an officer came and delivered mail. i looked at a couple of letters before i looked at the letter that had my son's squiggly handwriting on it. and anytime i would get a letter from my son, it was like a ray of light in the darkest place you can imagine. and on this particular day, i opened this letter, and in capital letters, he wrote, 'my mama told me why you was in prison: murder.' he said, 'dad, don't kill. jesus watches what you do. pray to him.'

now, i wasn't religious at that time, nor am i religious now, but it was something so profound about my son's words. they made me e_amine things about my life that i hadn't considered. it was the first time in my life that i had actually thought about the fact that my son would see me as a murderer. i sat back on my bunk and i reflected on something i had read in [plato], where socrates stated in 'apology' that the une_amined life isn't worth living.

at that point is when the transformation began. but it didn't come easy. one of the things i realized, which was part of the transformation, was that there were four key things. the first thing was, i had great mentors. now, i know some of you all are probably thinking, how did you find a great mentor in prison? but in my case, some of my mentors who are serving life sentences were some of the best people to ever come into my life, because they forced me to look at my life honestly, and they forced me to challenge myself about my decision making.

the second thing was literature. prior to going to prison, i didn't know that there were so many brilliant black poets, authors and philosophers, and then i had the great fortune of encountering malcolm _'s autobiography, and it shattered every stereotype i had about myself.

the third thing was family. for 19 years, my father stood by my side with an unshakable faith, because he believed that i had what it took to turn my life around. i also met an amazing woman who is now the mother of my two-year-old son sekou, and she taught me how to love myself in a healthy way.

the final thing was writing. when i got that letter from my son, i began to write a journal about things i had e_perienced in my childhood and in prison, and what it did is it opened up my mind to the idea of atonement. earlier in my incarceration, i had received a letter from one of the relatives of my victim, and in that letter, she told me she forgave me, because she realized i was a young child who had been abused and had been through some hardships and just made a series of poor decisions. it was the first time in my life that i ever felt open to forgiving myself.

one of the things that happened after that e_perience is that i thought about the other men who were incarcerated alongside of me, and how much i wanted to share this with them. and so i started talking to them about some of their e_periences, and i was devastated to realize that most of them came from the same abusive environments, and most of them wanted help and they wanted to turn it around, but unfortunately the system that currently holds 2.5 million people in prison is designed to warehouse as opposed to rehabilitate or transform. so i made it up in my mind that if i was ever released from prison that i would do everything in my power to help change that.

in 20__, i walked out of prison for the first time after two decades. now imagine, if you will, fred flintstone walking into an episode of 'the jetsons.' that was pretty much what my life was like. for the first time, i was e_posed to the internet, social media, cars that talk like kitt from 'knight rider.' but the thing that fascinated me the most was phone technology. see, when i went to prison, our car phones were this big and required two people to carry them. so imagine what it was like when i first grabbed my little blackberry and i started learning how to te_t. but the thing is, the people around me, they didn't realize that i had no idea what all these abbreviated te_ts meant, like lol, omg, lmao, until one day i was having a conversation with one of my friends via te_t, and i asked him to do something, and he responded back, 'k.' and i was like, 'what is k?' and he was like, 'k is okay.' so in my head, i was like, 'well what the hell is wrong with k?' and so i te_t him a question mark. and he said, 'k = okay.' and so i tap back, 'fu.' (laughter) and then he te_ts back, and he asks me why was i cussing him out. and i said, 'lol fu,' as in, i finally understand.

and so fast forward three years, i'm doing relatively good. i have a fellowship at mit media lab, i work for an amazing company called bme, i teach at the university of michigan, but it's been a struggle because i realize that there are more men and women coming home who are not going to be afforded those opportunities. i've been blessed to work with some amazing men and women, helping others reenter society, and one of them is my friend named calvin evans. he served 24 years for a crime he didn't commit. he's 45 years old. he's currently enrolled in college. and one of the things that we talked about is the three things that i found important in my personal transformation, the first being acknowledgment. i had to acknowledge that i had hurt others. i also had to acknowledge that i had been hurt. the second thing was apologizing. i had to apologize to the people i had hurt. even though i had no e_pectations of them accepting it, it was important to do because it was the right thing. but i also had to apologize to myself. the third thing was atoning. for me, atoning meant going back into my community and working with at-risk youth who were on the same path, but also becoming at one with myself.

through my e_perience of being locked up, one of the things i discovered is this: the majority of men and women who are incarcerated are redeemable, and the fact is, 90 percent of the men and women who are incarcerated will at some point return to the community, and we have a role in determining what kind of men and women return to our community.

my wish today is that we will embrace a more empathetic approach toward how we deal with mass incarceration, that we will do away with the lock-them-up-and-throw-away-the-key mentality, because it's proven it doesn't work.

my journey is a unique journey, but it doesn't have to be that way. anybody can have a transformation if we create the space for that to happen. so what i'm asking today is that you envision a world where men and women aren't held hostage to their pasts, where misdeeds and mistakes don't define you for the rest of your life. i think collectively, we can create that reality, and i hope you do too.thank you.

二十三年以前， 在我十九岁的时候， 我击中并杀害了一个人。 我那时是年轻的贩毒者， 脾气暴躁， 有一只半自动的手枪。

但我的故事并未在此结束。 相反，它刚刚开始。 这接下来的20__年 是一个关于承认，道歉，和补偿的故事。 是一个关于承认，道歉，和补偿的故事。 但这故事并没有 以你可能正在想象或认为的的方式发生。 尤其是对我来说， 这些事情 在我生命中以一种令人惊讶的方式发生。

看，我像你们中的很多人一样长大， 我是一个优秀生， 一个有奖学金的学生， 有着成为一个医生的梦想。 但是戏剧性的， 当我父母分家并最终离婚时 一切都变了。

具体的事件其实很简单。 在我17岁的时候， 我被枪击中了三次 就在底特律我所居住的那个街区。 我朋友赶忙把我送到医院。 医生们把子弹拔出来， 把伤口缝好， 又把我送回到了我被枪击的街区。 在这次磨难中， 没有人抱过我， 没有人安慰我， 没有人跟我说，一切都会好起来的。 没有人告诉过我，我会一直活在恐惧中， 我会变成偏执狂， 或者我对“被枪击”的反应将会极端暴力。 或者我对“被枪击”的反应将会极端暴力。 没人告诉我， 有一天，我会变成扣动扳机的那个人。 十四个月之后， 在凌晨两点， 我开了一枪， 并造成了一个人的死亡。

当我进监狱时， 我很痛苦，我很愤怒，我很受伤。 我不想承担这个责任。 我把自己的过失归罪于所有人， 从我的父母，到社会制度。 我使自己开枪的动机合理化， 因为在我的成长阴影里， 做一个射击者 总好过被别人开枪击中。 当我坐在我冰冷的牢房里， 我感觉十分无助， 无人关爱，并被世界遗弃。 我觉得没有人在乎我， 于是我带着敌意 反抗对我的监禁。 然后我就发现， 自己越来越深得陷入了麻烦。 我在监狱里经营黑市， 放高利贷， 出售非法偷运进监狱的毒品。 出售非法偷运进监狱的毒品。 事实上，我的确成为了 密歇根少年教养院院长口中的 “恶中之恶”。 因为我的这些恶行， 在我的刑期中有七年半， 我都被单独禁闭起来。 我都被单独禁闭起来。

如今当我回顾时， 单人监禁是你所能找到的 是最无人道和最残酷的地方之一 而我正置身其中。 一天，我正在牢房里踱步， 一个狱警进来派发邮件。 我先读了一些信件， 然后我看到了那封来自儿子的信， 他手写的字母还歪歪扭扭。 每当我收到我儿子写的信， 那信就像一束光， 射进了你能想象到的最黑暗的地方。 在那天，我打开这封信， 儿子用大写字母写道： “妈妈告诉我， 你是因为谋杀而入狱的。” 他说：“爸爸，别杀人。 上帝能看到你的一举一动。向他祈祷吧。“

我当时并不信教， 我现在也不信教， 但在我儿子的话中， 我看到了一些很深奥的东西。 这些东西使我审视我的生命， 思考那些我以前从未细思过的事情。 我第一次想到， 我儿子将会视我为一个杀人犯。 我儿子将会视我为一个杀人犯。 我坐回我的铺位上， 《柏拉图》中的片段在我脑中闪现。 《柏拉图》中的片段在我脑中闪现。 在《申辩篇》中苏格拉底说道， ”浑浑噩噩的生活不值得过。“

这一刻，是我生命转变的开始。 但想转变并非轻而易举。 在转变中， 我意识到 关键点有四个。 第一， 我有很好的导师。 我知道你们有些人可能在想， 你是怎么在监狱里找到很好的导师呢? 但是在我的经历中， 我的一些导师 尽管处于终身监禁 却是我走进我生命中的最好的人。 因为他们迫使我去诚实地看待自己的经历， 也迫使我去挑战我曾做过的决定。 也迫使我去挑战我曾做过的决定。

第二件重要之物是文学。 在进监狱之前， 我并不知道世界上有这么多优秀的黑人诗人、作者和哲学家。 但之后我读了malcolm _的自传， 这对我来说是宝贵的财富， 它动摇了我对自己所有的成见。 它动摇了我对自己所有的成见。

第三件重要之物是家庭。 20__年来，我父亲一直支持着我 因为他相信我有能力 把自己的生活转入正轨。 把自己的生活转入正轨。 我也遇到了一位令人赞叹的女性， 她就是我两岁儿子sekou的母亲。 她教会了我 如何用一种健康的方式爱自己。

最后一件重要之物是写作。 当我收到我儿子的来信时， 我开始写一本日记 记载我童年和在监狱里的经历， 记载我童年和在监狱里的经历， 以及这些经历是怎样让我 明白“补偿”的概念。 在我被囚禁的早期， 我曾接到过一封来自受害人家属的信。 信里， 她说她已经原谅我了， 因为她意识到我只是个 幼时被虐待过的孩子， 还经历过许多苦难， 才会做出一系列错误的决定。 这是我此生第一次 觉得或许我也能够原谅自己。

收到这封信之后， 收到这封信之后， 我想到在我身边 其他被囚禁的人们， 我想把这种感悟分享给他们。 于是我就开始和他们聊天， 了解他们所经历过的事. 令我极为震惊的是， 他们中的大部分都曾和我一样在幼时饱受虐待， 他们渴望得到帮助，渴望改正自己， 可不幸的是，现在的体系 像个仓库，关押了250万的囚犯， 像个仓库，关押了250万的囚犯， 却没有帮助他们改过自新、转变观念。 所以我暗下决心， 如果有一天我能被从监狱里释放 我会竭尽全力去改变这样的现状。 我会竭尽全力去改变这样的现状。

20__年，我在被关押了20多年后 第一次走出监狱。 现在，如果你愿意，请想象一下， 一个远古时代的人突然踏进了未来时空。 (原句：”卡通角色‘摩登原始人’走入了以未来世界为主题的动画片'杰森一家'“) 我当时的感受大概如此。 我第一次接触到互联网， 社会媒体， 带有语音的汽车，就像在科幻电影中一样。 但最令我着迷的， 还是通信技术。 当我进监狱时， 我们的电话有这么大， 必须有两个人才能搬起来。 所以，想象一下我第一次拿起黑莓手机时的情景， 所以，想象一下我第一次拿起黑莓手机时的情景， 然后我开始学习如何发短信。 但问题是，我身边的人， 他们并没有意识到 我完全不了解各种短信缩写的含义， 比如lol(大笑)，omg(天啊)，lmao(笑死了)。 直到有一天 我和朋友在互发短信。 我请他帮忙做一件事，他回复：”k“。 我说，”什么是k?“ 他说，”k没事”(多意：k就是okay)。 我当时就想， “k难道会有事吗?” 所以我给他回了一个问号。 于是他又说，“k=okay”。 我回复，“fu(去你_的)”。(笑声) 他问，“你干嘛骂我?” 他问，“你干嘛骂我?” 我说，“lol(大笑)，fu (去你_的)”， 我这就会用缩写了。 (笑声)

这样过去了三年， 我就过得不错了。 我在mit的媒体实验室加入了一个项目， 我为令人惊叹的bme工作， 我在密歇根大学教书， 但我内心又开始斗争， 因为我意识到有更多的人 从监狱出来， 没有办法接触到这样的机会。 我曾很幸运的和一些杰出的人 一起工作， 帮助其他被释放的人重新进入社会。 其中一个，我的朋友，calvin evans。 他被判冤狱，坐了20__年牢。 他45岁了，现在正在上大学。 现在，像我们在开头说过， 那三样我觉得在自己转变中 最为重要的事， 第一就是承认。 我必须承认，我曾经伤害过他人。 我也必须承认，我曾被伤害过。 第二件是道歉。 我必须向被我伤害过的人们道歉。 尽管我并不期望他们会接受我的道歉， 道歉仍然很重要，因为道歉是正确的事。 可我也必须要向自己道歉。 第三件事是补偿。 对我而言，补偿意味着 回到我生长的社区中， 帮助那些正跟我以前走着同样道路 有风险的儿童。 同时我也成为他们其中的一员。

经过我的监狱生涯， 我发现大部分被监禁的人， 我发现大部分被监禁的人， 都并非无可救药。 事实上， 90%被监禁的人 在某一时刻都会回归到社会中。 而我们能影响着 他们回归社会后会变成怎样的人。

我今天的希望 是我们能以一种 更有同情心的态度 讨论我们该如何对待被关押人员， 我们会放弃 那种把他们锁起来然后扔掉钥匙的态度， 因为这种态度已被证明毫无用处。

我的经历是独特的， 但它本可以有其他的变化。 每个人都可以改变， 只要我们给他们足够的空间。 所以今天我所请求的， 是你们对未来的预想， 想象有一个世界， 所有人对自己的过去都没有敌意， 我们犯的错误和罪行 都不能定义我们余下的一生。 我想，我们可以一起创造这个未来， 并且我希望，你也是这么想的。谢谢。

第3篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计8095个字，预计看完需要21分钟，共有263位用户收藏，15人推荐！

每个人都会避免犯错，但或许避免犯错本身就是一种错误?请看以下这篇“犯错家“凯瑟琳舒尔茨告诉我们，或许我们不只该承认错误，更应该大力拥抱人性中“我错故我在“的本质。

so it's 1995, i'm in college, and a friend and i go on a road trip from providence, rhode island to portland, oregon.

当时是95年 我在上大学 我和一个朋友开车去玩 从罗得岛的普罗旺斯区出发 到奥勒冈州的波特兰市

and you know, we're young and unemployed, so we do the whole thing on back roads through state parks and national forests -- basically the longest route we can possibly take.

我们年轻、无业 ，于是整个旅程都在乡间小道 经过州立公园 和国家保护森林 我们尽可能绕着最长的路径

and somewhere in the middle of south dakota, i turn to my friend and i ask her a question that's been bothering me for 2,000 miles.

在南达科塔州之中某处 我转向我的朋友 问她一个 两千英里路途上 一直烦恼我的问题

'what's up with the chinese character i keep seeing by the side of the road?'

'路边那个一直出现的中文字到底是什么?'

my friend looks at me totally blankly.

我的朋友露出疑惑的神情

there's actually a gentleman in the front row who's doing a perfect imitation of her look.

正如现在坐在第一排的这三位男士 所露出的神情一样

(laughter) and i'm like, 'you know, all the signs we keep seeing with the chinese character on them.'

(笑声) 我说'你知道的 我们一直看到的那个路牌 写着中文的那个啊'

she just stares at me for a few moments, and then she cracks up, because she figures out what i'm talking about.

她瞪着我的脸一阵子 突然笑开了 因为她总算知道我所指为何

and what i'm talking about is this.

我说的是这个

(laughter) right, the famous chinese character for picnic area.

(笑声) 没错，这就是代表野餐区的那个中文字

(laughter) i've spent the last five years of my life thinking about situations e_actly like this -- why we sometimes misunderstand the signs around us,

(笑声) 过去的五年 我一直在思考 刚刚我所描述的状况 为什么我们会对身边的征兆 产生误解

and how we behave when that happens, and what all of this can tell us about human nature.

当误解发生时我们作何反应 以及这一切所告诉我们的人性

in other words, as you heard chris say, i've spent the last five years thinking about being wrong.

换句话说，就像 chris 刚才说的 过去五年的时间 我都在思考错误的价值

this might strike you as a strange career move, but it actually has one great advantage: no job competition.

你可能觉得这是个奇异的专业 但有一项好处是不容置疑的： 没有竞争者。

(laughter) in fact, most of us do everything we can to avoid thinking about being wrong, or at least to avoid thinking about the possibility that we ourselves are wrong.

(笑声) 事实上，我们大部分的人 都尽力不思考错误的价值 或至少避免想到我们有可能犯错。

we get it in the abstract.

我们都知道这个模糊的概念。

we all know everybody in this room makes mistakes.

我们都知道这里的每个人都曾经犯错

the human species, in general, is fallible -- okay fine.

人类本来就会犯错 - 没问题

but when it comes down to me right now, to all the beliefs i hold, here in the present tense, suddenly all of this abstract appreciation of fallibility goes out the window -- and i can't actually think of anything i'm wrong about.

一旦这个想法临到我们自身 我们现在所有的 所有的信念 对人类可能犯错的抽象概念随即被我们抛弃 我无法想到我有哪里出错

and the thing is, the present tense is where we live.

但是，我们活在现在

we go to meetings in the present tense; we go on family vacations in the present tense; we go to the polls and vote in the present tense.

我们开会，去家庭旅游 去投票 全都是现在式

so effectively, we all kind of wind up traveling through life, trapped in this little bubble of feeling very right about everything.

我们就像现在一个小泡泡里 经历人生 感觉自己总是对的

i think this is a problem.

我认为这是个问题

i think it's a problem for each of us as individuals, in our personal and professional lives, and i think it's a problem for all of us collectively as a culture.

我认为这是每个人私人生活 和职业生活中的问题 我认为我们身为群体，这也造成了文化问题

so what i want to do today is, first of all, talk about why we get stuck inside this feeling of being right.

于是，我今天想做的是 先谈谈为甚么我们会 陷在这种自以为是的心态中

and second, why it's such a problem.

第二是为甚么这是个问题

and finally, i want to convince you that it is possible to step outside of that feeling, and that, if you can do so, it is the single greatest

最后我想说服大家 克服这种感觉 是可能的 而且一旦你做到了 这将成为你道德上

moral, intellectual and creative leap you can make.

智性上和创意上最大的进步

so why do we get stuck in this feeling of being right?

为甚么我们会陷在 这种自以为是的心态中?

one reason actually has to do with a feeling of being wrong.

事实上这和犯错的感觉有关

so let me ask you guys something -- or actually, let me ask you guys something, because you're right here: how does it feel -- emotionally --

我想问问你们 让我问问台上的你们 当你意识到自己犯错了

how does it feel to be wrong?

你感觉如何?

dreadful. thumbs down.

糟透了。很差劲。

embarrassing. okay, wonderful, good.

难堪。很好，是的。

dreadful, thumbs down, embarrassing -- thank you, these are great answers, but they're answers to a different question.

很糟糕，很差劲，很难堪。 谢谢你们提供这些答案 但这些答案没有回答我的问题

you guys are answering the question: how does it feel to realize you're wrong?

你们回答的问题是： 当你意识到你犯错的时候，你的感觉如何?

(laughter) realizing you're wrong can feel like all of that and a lot of other things, right?

(笑声) 意识到你犯错了就会有刚刚所说的这些感觉，不是吗?

i mean it can be devastating, it can be revelatory, it can actually be quite funny, like my stupid chinese character mistake.

令人沮丧，暴露了一些真实 有时候甚至有些好笑 像我误以为路牌是中文字

but just being wrong doesn't feel like anything.

但犯错本身 事实上毫无感觉

i'll give you an analogy.

让我给你一个例子

do you remember that loony tunes cartoon where there's this pathetic coyote who's always chasing and never catching a roadrunner?

你记得卡通里 那个总是在追逐 却从未抓到猎物的土狼吗?

in pretty much every episode of this cartoon, there's a moment where the coyote is chasing the roadrunner and the roadrunner runs off a cliff,

几乎在每一集里 牠的猎物 - 一只走鹃鸟 都会跳下悬崖

which is fine, he's a bird, he can fly.

反正牠是鸟，牠可以飞

but the thing is, the coyote runs off the cliff right after him.

但土狼也会跟着牠一起跳崖

and what's funny -- at least if you're si_ years old -- is that the coyote's totally fine too.

那很好笑 如果你是个六岁儿童 土狼也很好

he just keeps running -- right up until the moment that he looks down and realizes that he's in mid-air.

牠就这么继续跑 直到牠往下看 发现自己漫步在空中

that's when he falls.

这时候他才会往下掉

when we're wrong about something -- not when we realize it, but before that -- we're like that coyote after he's gone off the cliff and before he looks down.

在我们犯错时 在我们意识到我们犯错时 我们就像那只土狼 还没意识到自己奔出悬崖

you know, we're already wrong, we're already in trouble, but we feel like we're on solid ground.

我们已经错了 已经惹上麻烦了 但仍然感觉像走在地上

so i should actually correct something i said a moment ago.

我应该改变我之前的说法

it does feel like something to be wrong; it feels like being right.

犯错的感觉就和 正确的感觉一样

(laughter) so this is one reason, a structural reason, why we get stuck inside this feeling of rightness.

(笑声) 事实上我们这种自以为对的感受 是有构造性的原因的

i call this error blindness.

我称之为错误盲点

most of the time, we don't have any kind of internal cue to let us know that we're wrong about something, until it's too late.

大部份的时间里 我们身体里没有任何机制 提醒我们错了 直到木已成舟

but there's a second reason that we get stuck inside this feeling as well -- and this one is cultural.

但还有第二个理由 文化性的理由

think back for a moment to elementary school.

回想小学时代

you're sitting there in class, and your teacher is handing back quiz papers, and one of them looks like this.

你坐在课堂里 你的老师发回小考考卷 像这样的小考考卷

this is not mine, by the way.

虽然这张不是我的

(laughter) so there you are in grade school, and you know e_actly what to think about the kid who got this paper.

(笑声) 你从小学时代 就知道该对拿这张考卷的同学 下甚么评语

it's the dumb kid, the troublemaker, the one who never does his homework.

笨蛋，捣蛋鬼 从不做功课的坏学生

so by the time you are nine years old, you've already learned, first of all, that people who get stuff wrong are lazy, irresponsible dimwits --

你不过才九岁 你已经懂得，首先 那些犯错的人 都是懒惰、不负责任的傻瓜

and second of all, that the way to succeed in life is to never make any mistakes.

第二 想要在人生中成功 就不要犯错

we learn these really bad lessons really well.

我们很早就得到这些错误讯息

and a lot of us -- and i suspect, especially a lot of us in this room -- deal with them by just becoming perfect little a students,

而我们 尤其是这个大厅里的许多人 都因此成为好学生 拿全a

perfectionists, over-achievers.

完美主义、永不满意

right, mr. cfo, astrophysicist, ultra-marathoner?

不是吗? 财务长、天体物理学家、超级马拉松先生们?

(laughter) you're all cfo, astrophysicists, ultra-marathoners, it turns out.

(笑声) 结果是你们全成了财务长、天体物理学家、跑超级马拉松

okay, so fine.

那很好

e_cept that then we freak out at the possibility that we've gotten something wrong.

但一旦我们发现有可能犯错 就开始手足无措

because according to this, getting something wrong means there's something wrong with us.

因为依照规定 犯错 代表我们一定也有甚么不对劲

so we just insist that we're right, because it makes us feel smart and responsible and virtuous and safe.

于是我们坚持己见 因为那让我们感觉聪明、得体 安全和可靠

so let me tell you a story.

让我告诉你们一个故事

a couple of years ago, a woman comes into beth israel deaconess medical center for a surgery.

几年前 一个女人到 beth israel deaconess 诊所做手术

beth israel's in boston.

beth israel 在波士顿

it's the teaching hospital for harvard -- one of the best hospitals in the country.

是哈佛大学的教学附属医院 全国数一数二的医疗中心

so this woman comes in and she's taken into the operating room.

这个女人被送进开刀房

she's anesthetized, the surgeon does his thing -- stitches her back up, sends her out to the recovery room.

麻醉，外科医生做完手术 缝合，将她送进恢复室

everything seems to have gone fine.

一切看上去都很好

and she wakes up, and she looks down at herself, and she says, 'why is the wrong side of my body in bandages?'

她醒来，往自己身上一看 说“为甚么我的左腿绑着绷带?”

well the wrong side of her body is in bandages because the surgeon has performed a major operation on her left leg instead of her right one.

她应该接受治疗的是右腿 但为他做手术的外科医生 却把刀开在左腿

when the vice president for health care quality at beth israel spoke about this incident, he said something very interesting.

当副院长出来为医院的医疗质量 和这次意外做出解释时 他说了句很有趣的话

he said, 'for whatever reason, the surgeon simply felt that he was on the correct side of the patient.'

他说“无论如何 这位外科医生感觉 他开下的刀是在正确的一侧”

(laughter) the point of this story is that trusting too much in the feeling of being on the correct side of anything can be very dangerous.

(笑声) 故事的重点是 相信自己的判断力 相信自己站在对的一边 是非常危险的

this internal sense of rightness that we all e_perience so often is not a reliable guide to what is actually going on in the e_ternal world.

我们心中时常感觉到的 理直气壮的感觉 在真实世界中 并不是个可靠的向导。

and when we act like it is, and we stop entertaining the possibility that we could be wrong, well that's when we end up doing things

当我们依此行事 不再思考我们是否犯错 我们就有可能

88.like dumping 200 million gallons of oil into the gulf of me_ico, or torpedoing the global economy.

把两百湾加仑的石油倒进墨西哥湾 或是颠覆世界经济

so this is a huge practical problem.

这是个很实际的问题

but it's also a huge social problem.

这也是个很大的社会问题

think for a moment about what it means to feel right.

“感觉对”究竟是什么意思

it means that you think that your beliefs just perfectly reflect reality.

这代表着你认为你的信念 和真实是一致的

and when you feel that way, you've got a problem to solve, which is, how are you going to e_plain all of those people who disagree with you?

当你有这种感觉的时候 你的问题就大了 因为如果你是对的 为甚么还有人和你持不同意见?

it turns out, most of us e_plain those people the same way, by resorting to a series of unfortunate assumptions.

于是我们往往用同一种 思考方式去解释这些异议

the first thing we usually do when someone disagrees with us is we just assume they're ignorant.

第一是当他人不同意我们的说法 我们便觉得他们无知

they don't have access to the same information that we do, and when we generously share that information with them, they're going to see the light and come on over to our team.

他们不像我们懂得这么多 当我们慷慨地和他们分享我们的知识 他们便会理解，并加入我们的行列

when that doesn't work, when it turns out those people have all the same facts that we do and they still disagree with us, then we move on to a second assumption,

如果不是这样 如果这些人和我们获得的信息一样多 却仍然不认同我们 我们便有了下一个定论

which is that they're idiots.

那就是他们是白痴

(laughter) they have all the right pieces of the puzzle, and they are too moronic to put them together correctly.

(笑声) 他们已经有了所有的信息 却笨到无法拼凑出正确的图像

and when that doesn't work, when it turns out that people who disagree with us have all the same facts we do and are actually pretty smart,

一旦第二个定论也不成立 当这些反对我们的人 和我们有一样的信息 又聪明

then we move on to a third assumption: they know the truth, and they are deliberately distorting it for their own malevolent purposes.

我们便有了第三个结论 他们知道事实是甚么 但却为了自己的好处 故意曲解真实。

so this is a catastrophe.

这真是个大灾难

this attachment to our own rightness keeps us from preventing mistakes when we absolutely need to and causes us to treat each other terribly.

我们的自以为是 让我们在最需要的时候 无法预防犯错 更让我们互相仇视

104.but to me, what's most baffling and most tragic about this is that it misses the whole point of being human.

对我来说 最大的悲剧是 它让我们错失了身为人的珍贵意义

it's like we want to imagine that our minds are just these perfectly translucent windows and we just gaze out of them and describe the world as it unfolds.

那就像是想象 我们的心灵之窗完全透明 我们向外观看 描述在我们之前展开的世界

and we want everybody else to gaze out of the same window and see the e_act same thing.

我们想要每个人和我们有一样的窗子 对世界做出一样的观察

that is not true, and if it were, life would be incredibly boring.

那不是真的 如果是，人生将会多么无聊

the miracle of your mind isn't that you can see the world as it is.

心灵的神奇之处 不在你懂得这个世界是甚么样子

it's that you can see the world as it isn't.

而是去理解那些你不懂的地方

we can remember the past, and we can think about the future, and we can imagine what it's like to be some other person in some other place.

我们记得过去 思考未来 我们想象 自己成为他人，在他方

and we all do this a little differently, which is why we can all look up at the same night sky and see this and also this and also this.

我们的想象都有些不同 于是当我们抬头看同一个夜空 我们看到这个 这个 和这个

and yeah, it is also why we get things wrong.

这也是我们搞错事情的原因

1,200 years before descartes said his famous thing about 'i think therefore i am,'

在笛卡儿说出那句有名的”我思故我在“ 的一千两百年前

this guy, st. augustine, sat down and wrote 'fallor ergo sum' -- 'i err therefore i am.'

圣奥古斯丁，坐下来 写下'fallor ergo sum' '我错故我在'

augustine understood that our capacity to screw up, it's not some kind of embarrassing defect in the human system, something we can eradicate or overcome.

奥古斯丁懂得 我们犯错的能力 这并不是人性中 一个令人难堪的缺陷 不是我们可以克服或消灭的

it's totally fundamental to who we are.

这是我们的本质

because, unlike god, we don't really know what's going on out there.

因为我们不是上帝 我们不知道我们之外究竟发生了甚么

and unlike all of the other animals, we are obsessed with trying to figure it out.

而不同于其它动物的是 我们都疯狂地想找出解答

to me, this obsession is the source and root of all of our productivity and creativity.

对我来说 这种寻找的冲动 就是我们生产力和创造力的来源

last year, for various reasons, i found myself listening to a lot of episodes of the public radio show this american life.

因为一些缘故 去年我在广播上 听了很多集的'我们的美国人生'

and so i'm listening and i'm listening, and at some point, i start feeling like all the stories are about being wrong.

我听着听着 突然发现 这些故事全和犯错有关

and my first thought was, 'i've lost it.

我的第一个念头是 “我完了

i've become the crazy wrongness lady.

我写书写疯了

i just imagined it everywhere,'

四处都看到有关犯错的幻觉”

which has happened.

说真的是这样

but a couple of months later, i actually had a chance to interview ira glass, who's the host of the show.

但几个月后 我访问了那个广播节目的主持人 ira glass

and i mentioned this to him, and he was like, 'no actually, that's true.

我向他提到这件事 他回答我“事实上

in fact,' he says, 'as a staff, we joke that every single episode of our show has the same crypto-theme.

你是对的”他说 “我们这些工作人员总是 开玩笑说每集节目之中的 秘密主题都是一样的

and the crypto-theme is: 'i thought this one thing was going to happen and something else happened instead.' and thing is,' says ira glass, 'we need this.

这个秘密主题就是 '我以为这件事会这样发生 结果其它事情发生了' 他说'但是，这就是我们需要的

we need these moments of surprise and reversal and wrongness to make these stories work.'

我们需要这些意外 这些颠倒和错误 这些故事才能成立。'

and for the rest of us, audience members, as listeners, as readers, we eat this stuff up.

而我们身为观众 听众、读者 我们吸收这些故事

we love things like plot twists and red herrings and surprise endings.

我们喜欢故事转折 令人惊讶的结局

when it comes to our stories, we love being wrong.

我们喜欢在故事里 看到犯错

but, you know, our stories are like this because our lives are like this.

但，故事会这样写 是因为人生就是这样

we think this one thing is going to happen and something else happens instead.

我们以为某些事情会这样发生 发生的却是其它事

george bush thought he was going to invade iraq, find a bunch of weapons of mass destruction, liberate the people and bring democracy to the middle east.

小布什以为他入侵伊拉克 会找到大规模毁灭性武器 解放中东百姓，为他们带来民主自由

and something else happened instead.

但却不是这样

and hosni mubarak thought he was going to be dictator of egypt for the rest of his life, until he got too old or too sick and could pass the reigns of power onto his son.

穆巴拉克以为 他到死都会是埃及的独裁的人 一直到他年老或卧病 再把他的权力交给下一代

and something else happened instead.

但却不是这样

and maybe you thought you were going to grow up and marry your high school sweetheart and move back to your home town and raise a bunch of kids together.

或许你想过 你会长大、嫁给你的初恋情人 搬回老家，生一群孩子

and something else happened instead.

但却不是这样

and i have to tell you that i thought i was writing an incredibly nerdy book about a subject everybody hates for an audience that would never materialize.

我必须说 我以为我写的是一本很冷僻的书 有关一个人人讨厌的主题 为一些从不存在的读者

and something else happened instead.

但却不是这样

(laughter) i mean, this is life.

(笑声) 我们的人生

for good and for ill, we generate these incredible stories about the world around us, and then the world turns around and astonishes us.

无论好坏 我们创造了啦 那包围我们的世界 而世界转过头来，令我们大吃一惊

no offense, but this entire conference is an unbelievable monument to our capacity to get stuff wrong.

说真的，这整个会议 充斥着这样难以置信的时刻 我们一次又一次地意识到自己的错误

we just spent and entire week talking about innovations and advancements and improvements, but you know why we need all of those innovations

我们花了整整一周 讨论创新，进步 和改善 你知道我们为甚么需要这些创新

and advancements and improvements?

进步和改善吗?

because half the stuff that's the most mind-boggling and world altering -- ted 1998 -- eh.

因为其中有一半 来自最应该改变世界的 98年的ted 呃

(laughter) didn't really work out that way, did it.

(笑声) 真是出人意料之外啊，不是吗

(laughter) where's my jet pack, chris?

(笑声) 我的逃生火箭在哪，chris?

(laughter) (applause) so here we are again.

(笑声) (掌声) 于是我们又在这里

and that's how it goes.

事情就是这样

we come up with another idea.

我们重新想出其它点子

we tell another story.

我们有了新的故事

we hold another conference.

我们开了另一个会议

the theme of this one, as you guys have now heard seven million times, is the rediscovery of wonder.

这次的主题是 如果你还没有听到耳朵出油的话 是重新找到想象的力量

and to me, if you really want to rediscover wonder, you need to step outside of that tiny, terrified space of rightness and look around at each other

对我来说 如果你真的想重新找到想象的力量 你需要离开 那个小小的、自我感觉良好的小圈圈 看看彼此

and look out at the vastness and comple_ity and mystery of the universe and be able to say, 'wow, i don't know.

看看宇宙的 广大无垠 复杂神秘 然后真正地说 “哇，我不知道

maybe i'm wrong.'

或许我错了。”

thank you.

谢谢各位

(applause) thank you guys.

(掌声) 谢谢

第4篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计6089个字，预计看完需要16分钟，共有237位用户收藏，27人推荐！

演讲者：shaka senghor

| 中英文演讲稿 |

twenty-three years ago, at the age of 19, i shot and killed a man. i was a young drug dealer with a quick temper and a semi-automatic pistol.

but that wasn't the end of my story. in fact, it was beginning, and the 23 years since is a story of acknowledgment, apology and atonement. but it didn't happen in the way that you might imagine or think. these things occurred in my life in a way that was surprising, especially to me.

see, like many of you, growing up, i was an honor roll student, a scholarship student, with dreams of becoming a doctor. but things went dramatically wrong when my parents separated and eventually divorced.

the actual events are pretty straightforward. at the age of 17, i got shot three times standing on the corner of my block in detroit. my friend rushed me to the hospital. doctors pulled the bullets out, patched me up, and sent me back to the same neighborhood where i got shot. throughout this ordeal, no one hugged me, no one counseled me, no one told me i would be okay. no one told me that i would live in fear, that i would become paranoid, or that i would react hyper-violently to being shot. no one told me that one day, i would become the person behind the trigger. fourteen months later, at 2 a.m., i fired the shots that caused a man's death.

when i entered prison, i was bitter, i was angry, i was hurt. i didn't want to take responsibility. i blamed everybody from my parents to the system. i rationalized my decision to shoot because in the hood where i come from, it's better to be the shooter than the person getting shot. as i sat in my cold cell, i felt helpless, unloved and abandoned. i felt like nobody cared, and i reacted with hostility to my confinement. and i found myself getting deeper and deeper into trouble. i ran black market stores, i loan sharked, and i sold drugs that were illegally smuggled into the prison. i had in fact become what the warden of the michigan reformatory called 'the worst of the worst.' and because of my activity, i landed in solitary confinement for seven and a half years out of my incarceration.

now as i see it, solitary confinement is one of the most inhumane and barbaric places you can find yourself, but find myself i did. one day, i was pacing my cell, when an officer came and delivered mail. i looked at a couple of letters before i looked at the letter that had my son's squiggly handwriting on it. and anytime i would get a letter from my son, it was like a ray of light in the darkest place you can imagine. and on this particular day, i opened this letter, and in capital letters, he wrote, 'my mama told me why you was in prison: murder.' he said, 'dad, don't kill. jesus watches what you do. pray to him.'

now, i wasn't religious at that time, nor am i religious now, but it was something so profound about my son's words. they made me e_amine things about my life that i hadn't considered. it was the first time in my life that i had actually thought about the fact that my son would see me as a murderer. i sat back on my bunk and i reflected on something i had read in [plato], where socrates stated in 'apology' that the une_amined life isn't worth living.

at that point is when the transformation began. but it didn't come easy. one of the things i realized, which was part of the transformation, was that there were four key things. the first thing was, i had great mentors. now, i know some of you all are probably thinking, how did you find a great mentor in prison? but in my case, some of my mentors who are serving life sentences were some of the best people to ever come into my life, because they forced me to look at my life honestly, and they forced me to challenge myself about my decision making.

the second thing was literature. prior to going to prison, i didn't know that there were so many brilliant black poets, authors and philosophers, and then i had the great fortune of encountering malcolm _'s autobiography, and it shattered every stereotype i had about myself.

the third thing was family. for 19 years, my father stood by my side with an unshakable faith, because he believed that i had what it took to turn my life around. i also met an amazing woman who is now the mother of my two-year-old son sekou, and she taught me how to love myself in a healthy way.

the final thing was writing. when i got that letter from my son, i began to write a journal about things i had e_perienced in my childhood and in prison, and what it did is it opened up my mind to the idea of atonement. earlier in my incarceration, i had received a letter from one of the relatives of my victim, and in that letter, she told me she forgave me, because she realized i was a young child who had been abused and had been through some hardships and just made a series of poor decisions. it was the first time in my life that i ever felt open to forgiving myself.

one of the things that happened after that e_perience is that i thought about the other men who were incarcerated alongside of me, and how much i wanted to share this with them. and so i started talking to them about some of their e_periences, and i was devastated to realize that most of them came from the same abusive environments, and most of them wanted help and they wanted to turn it around, but unfortunately the system that currently holds 2.5 million people in prison is designed to warehouse as opposed to rehabilitate or transform. so i made it up in my mind that if i was ever released from prison that i would do everything in my power to help change that.

in 20__, i walked out of prison for the first time after two decades. now imagine, if you will, fred flintstone walking into an episode of 'the jetsons.' that was pretty much what my life was like. for the first time, i was e_posed to the internet, social media, cars that talk like kitt from 'knight rider.' but the thing that fascinated me the most was phone technology. see, when i went to prison, our car phones were this big and required two people to carry them. so imagine what it was like when i first grabbed my little blackberry and i started learning how to te_t. but the thing is, the people around me, they didn't realize that i had no idea what all these abbreviated te_ts meant, like lol, omg, lmao, until one day i was having a conversation with one of my friends via te_t, and i asked him to do something, and he responded back, 'k.' and i was like, 'what is k?' and he was like, 'k is okay.' so in my head, i was like, 'well what the hell is wrong with k?' and so i te_t him a question mark. and he said, 'k = okay.' and so i tap back, 'fu.' (laughter) and then he te_ts back, and he asks me why was i cussing him out. and i said, 'lol fu,' as in, i finally understand.

and so fast forward three years, i'm doing relatively good. i have a fellowship at mit media lab, i work for an amazing company called bme, i teach at the university of michigan, but it's been a struggle because i realize that there are more men and women coming home who are not going to be afforded those opportunities. i've been blessed to work with some amazing men and women, helping others reenter society, and one of them is my friend named calvin evans. he served 24 years for a crime he didn't commit. he's 45 years old. he's currently enrolled in college. and one of the things that we talked about is the three things that i found important in my personal transformation, the first being acknowledgment. i had to acknowledge that i had hurt others. i also had to acknowledge that i had been hurt. the second thing was apologizing. i had to apologize to the people i had hurt. even though i had no e_pectations of them accepting it, it was important to do because it was the right thing. but i also had to apologize to myself. the third thing was atoning. for me, atoning meant going back into my community and working with at-risk youth who were on the same path, but also becoming at one with myself.

through my e_perience of being locked up, one of the things i discovered is this: the majority of men and women who are incarcerated are redeemable, and the fact is, 90 percent of the men and women who are incarcerated will at some point return to the community, and we have a role in determining what kind of men and women return to our community.

my wish today is that we will embrace a more empathetic approach toward how we deal with mass incarceration, that we will do away with the lock-them-up-and-throw-away-the-key mentality, because it's proven it doesn't work.

my journey is a unique journey, but it doesn't have to be that way. anybody can have a transformation if we create the space for that to happen. so what i'm asking today is that you envision a world where men and women aren't held hostage to their pasts, where misdeeds and mistakes don't define you for the rest of your life. i think collectively, we can create that reality, and i hope you do too.thank you.

二十三年以前， 在我十九岁的时候， 我击中并杀害了一个人。 我那时是年轻的贩毒者， 脾气暴躁， 有一只半自动的手枪。

但我的故事并未在此结束。 相反，它刚刚开始。 这接下来的20__年 是一个关于承认，道歉，和补偿的故事。 是一个关于承认，道歉，和补偿的故事。 但这故事并没有 以你可能正在想象或认为的的方式发生。 尤其是对我来说， 这些事情 在我生命中以一种令人惊讶的方式发生。

看，我像你们中的很多人一样长大， 我是一个优秀生， 一个有奖学金的学生， 有着成为一个医生的梦想。 但是戏剧性的， 当我父母分家并最终离婚时 一切都变了。

具体的事件其实很简单。 在我17岁的时候， 我被枪击中了三次 就在底特律我所居住的那个街区。 我朋友赶忙把我送到医院。 医生们把子弹拔出来， 把伤口缝好， 又把我送回到了我被枪击的街区。 在这次磨难中， 没有人抱过我， 没有人安慰我， 没有人跟我说，一切都会好起来的。 没有人告诉过我，我会一直活在恐惧中， 我会变成偏执狂， 或者我对“被枪击”的反应将会极端暴力。 或者我对“被枪击”的反应将会极端暴力。 没人告诉我， 有一天，我会变成扣动扳机的那个人。 十四个月之后， 在凌晨两点， 我开了一枪， 并造成了一个人的死亡。

当我进监狱时， 我很痛苦，我很愤怒，我很受伤。 我不想承担这个责任。 我把自己的过失归罪于所有人， 从我的父母，到社会制度。 我使自己开枪的动机合理化， 因为在我的成长阴影里， 做一个射击者 总好过被别人开枪击中。 当我坐在我冰冷的牢房里， 我感觉十分无助， 无人关爱，并被世界遗弃。 我觉得没有人在乎我， 于是我带着敌意 反抗对我的监禁。 然后我就发现， 自己越来越深得陷入了麻烦。 我在监狱里经营黑市， 放高利贷， 出售非法偷运进监狱的毒品。 出售非法偷运进监狱的毒品。 事实上，我的确成为了 密歇根少年教养院院长口中的 “恶中之恶”。 因为我的这些恶行， 在我的刑期中有七年半， 我都被单独禁闭起来。 我都被单独禁闭起来。

如今当我回顾时， 单人监禁是你所能找到的 是最无人道和最残酷的地方之一 而我正置身其中。 一天，我正在牢房里踱步， 一个狱警进来派发邮件。 我先读了一些信件， 然后我看到了那封来自儿子的信， 他手写的字母还歪歪扭扭。 每当我收到我儿子写的信， 那信就像一束光， 射进了你能想象到的最黑暗的地方。 在那天，我打开这封信， 儿子用大写字母写道： “妈妈告诉我， 你是因为谋杀而入狱的。” 他说：“爸爸，别杀人。 上帝能看到你的一举一动。向他祈祷吧。“

我当时并不信教， 我现在也不信教， 但在我儿子的话中， 我看到了一些很深奥的东西。 这些东西使我审视我的生命， 思考那些我以前从未细思过的事情。 我第一次想到， 我儿子将会视我为一个杀人犯。 我儿子将会视我为一个杀人犯。 我坐回我的铺位上， 《柏拉图》中的片段在我脑中闪现。 《柏拉图》中的片段在我脑中闪现。 在《申辩篇》中苏格拉底说道， ”浑浑噩噩的生活不值得过。“

这一刻，是我生命转变的开始。 但想转变并非轻而易举。 在转变中， 我意识到 关键点有四个。 第一， 我有很好的导师。 我知道你们有些人可能在想， 你是怎么在监狱里找到很好的导师呢? 但是在我的经历中， 我的一些导师 尽管处于终身监禁 却是我走进我生命中的最好的人。 因为他们迫使我去诚实地看待自己的经历， 也迫使我去挑战我曾做过的决定。 也迫使我去挑战我曾做过的决定。

第二件重要之物是文学。 在进监狱之前， 我并不知道世界上有这么多优秀的黑人诗人、作者和哲学家。 但之后我读了malcolm _的自传， 这对我来说是宝贵的财富， 它动摇了我对自己所有的成见。 它动摇了我对自己所有的成见。

第三件重要之物是家庭。 20__年来，我父亲一直支持着我 因为他相信我有能力 把自己的生活转入正轨。 把自己的生活转入正轨。 我也遇到了一位令人赞叹的女性， 她就是我两岁儿子sekou的母亲。 她教会了我 如何用一种健康的方式爱自己。

最后一件重要之物是写作。 当我收到我儿子的来信时， 我开始写一本日记 记载我童年和在监狱里的经历， 记载我童年和在监狱里的经历， 以及这些经历是怎样让我 明白“补偿”的概念。 在我被囚禁的早期， 我曾接到过一封来自受害人家属的信。 信里， 她说她已经原谅我了， 因为她意识到我只是个 幼时被虐待过的孩子， 还经历过许多苦难， 才会做出一系列错误的决定。 这是我此生第一次 觉得或许我也能够原谅自己。

收到这封信之后， 收到这封信之后， 我想到在我身边 其他被囚禁的人们， 我想把这种感悟分享给他们。 于是我就开始和他们聊天， 了解他们所经历过的事. 令我极为震惊的是， 他们中的大部分都曾和我一样在幼时饱受虐待， 他们渴望得到帮助，渴望改正自己， 可不幸的是，现在的体系 像个仓库，关押了250万的囚犯， 像个仓库，关押了250万的囚犯， 却没有帮助他们改过自新、转变观念。 所以我暗下决心， 如果有一天我能被从监狱里释放 我会竭尽全力去改变这样的现状。 我会竭尽全力去改变这样的现状。

20__年，我在被关押了20多年后 第一次走出监狱。 现在，如果你愿意，请想象一下， 一个远古时代的人突然踏进了未来时空。 (原句：”卡通角色‘摩登原始人’走入了以未来世界为主题的动画片'杰森一家'“) 我当时的感受大概如此。 我第一次接触到互联网， 社会媒体， 带有语音的汽车，就像在科幻电影中一样。 但最令我着迷的， 还是通信技术。 当我进监狱时， 我们的电话有这么大， 必须有两个人才能搬起来。 所以，想象一下我第一次拿起黑莓手机时的情景， 所以，想象一下我第一次拿起黑莓手机时的情景， 然后我开始学习如何发短信。 但问题是，我身边的人， 他们并没有意识到 我完全不了解各种短信缩写的含义， 比如lol(大笑)，omg(天啊)，lmao(笑死了)。 直到有一天 我和朋友在互发短信。 我请他帮忙做一件事，他回复：”k“。 我说，”什么是k?“ 他说，”k没事”(多意：k就是okay)。 我当时就想， “k难道会有事吗?” 所以我给他回了一个问号。 于是他又说，“k=okay”。 我回复，“fu(去你_的)”。(笑声) 他问，“你干嘛骂我?” 他问，“你干嘛骂我?” 我说，“lol(大笑)，fu (去你_的)”， 我这就会用缩写了。 (笑声)

这样过去了三年， 我就过得不错了。 我在mit的媒体实验室加入了一个项目， 我为令人惊叹的bme工作， 我在密歇根大学教书， 但我内心又开始斗争， 因为我意识到有更多的人 从监狱出来， 没有办法接触到这样的机会。 我曾很幸运的和一些杰出的人 一起工作， 帮助其他被释放的人重新进入社会。 其中一个，我的朋友，calvin evans。 他被判冤狱，坐了20__年牢。 他45岁了，现在正在上大学。 现在，像我们在开头说过， 那三样我觉得在自己转变中 最为重要的事， 第一就是承认。 我必须承认，我曾经伤害过他人。 我也必须承认，我曾被伤害过。 第二件是道歉。 我必须向被我伤害过的人们道歉。 尽管我并不期望他们会接受我的道歉， 道歉仍然很重要，因为道歉是正确的事。 可我也必须要向自己道歉。 第三件事是补偿。 对我而言，补偿意味着 回到我生长的社区中， 帮助那些正跟我以前走着同样道路 有风险的儿童。 同时我也成为他们其中的一员。

经过我的监狱生涯， 我发现大部分被监禁的人， 我发现大部分被监禁的人， 都并非无可救药。 事实上， 90%被监禁的人 在某一时刻都会回归到社会中。 而我们能影响着 他们回归社会后会变成怎样的人。

我今天的希望 是我们能以一种 更有同情心的态度 讨论我们该如何对待被关押人员， 我们会放弃 那种把他们锁起来然后扔掉钥匙的态度， 因为这种态度已被证明毫无用处。

我的经历是独特的， 但它本可以有其他的变化。 每个人都可以改变， 只要我们给他们足够的空间。 所以今天我所请求的， 是你们对未来的预想， 想象有一个世界， 所有人对自己的过去都没有敌意， 我们犯的错误和罪行 都不能定义我们余下的一生。 我想，我们可以一起创造这个未来， 并且我希望，你也是这么想的。谢谢。

第5篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计7866个字，预计看完需要20分钟，共有220位用户收藏，24人推荐！

ted英文演讲：如何高效学习

so if you’ve been watching the news lately, you have probably seen photographs like this. students protesting because their government is cutting subsidies to education.

如果你们最近有看新闻的话，你们可能看过这样的照片。学生们抗议的原因是政府削减了教育补助金。

and the big part of the reason for this, both the government cutting subsidies and the student outcry is that getting a college education just doesn’t cost what it used to.

而对于这两个现象——政府削减补助金，以及学生们出来抗议;它们的主要原因就是：大学教育已经不再是以前那个价了。

so if you graduated more than 2 decades ago, you might be surprised to know that it now costs students over 2.5_ as much as it did for you, and that’s in real dollars for any economists in the audience here.

所以，如果你是20多年前毕业的，你可能会吃惊地发现：现在学生们要花你那时候2.5倍的钱，而且我们这里说的是实际价格(而不是账面价格)，如果观众里有经济学家的话。

and it’s not an easy problem. on one hand the cost is becoming harder for both students and governments to bear. but in the other hand employers are demanding an educated workforce.

这不是个容易解决的问题。一方面，教育成本对学生和政府来说都越来越难负担;但另一方面，雇主们要的是一个受过教育的劳动力大军。

they want employees with comple_ analytical skills. the world now runs out of what we dig out of people’s brains not just what we dig out of the ground. so, that’s the problem.

他们要的是具备复杂分析技巧的雇员。现在全世界急缺的不光是自然资源，还有优质的脑力劳动。对，这就是问题的症结。

now what’s the fi_? well, let me be completely honest with you. i have no idea.

那，怎么解决呢?嗯，实话讲，我完全不知道。

but what i do want to suggest is that maybe we’ve been looking in the wrong place. we’ve been e_pecting change to come from schools and governments, but what if the change came from us.

不过，我想说，可能我们一直以来寻求答案的方向是错的。我们一直指望学校和政府能带来改变，但有没有可能其实是我们自己该改变呢?

i’d like to share my story and suggest that maybe an education doesn’t need to be e_pensive and what’s more, maybe we can learn better without it.

我想分享一下我自己的故事，告诉大家教育可能并不需要这么昂贵，而且，我们在没有它的情况下可能可以学得更好。

so in my case i was lucky. when i got accepted to college, i managed to narrow down my choice in major to two choices: business and computer science. i was really interested in both.

就我个人而言，我挺幸运的。当我被大学录取时，我成功地把专业选项缩减到2个：商科和计算机科学。我对两者都真的非常感兴趣。

with one you get to build companies, with the other you get to build technologies. and these two are not mutually e_clusive. after all bill gates was a hacker before he built an empire.

其中一个让你可以建立公司，而另一个让你可以创造技术。而且这两者并不是互相排斥的。毕竟，比尔?盖茨在建立他的帝国前就是个黑客嘛。

but in my school i could only major in one. so i did what any freshman would do, and did a careful rational cost-benefit analysis.

不过，在我们学校里，你只能选一个专业。于是我做了任何一个大一新生都会做的事：一个严密、理性的成本-收益分析。

so business it was, and after graduating i have no regrets. i learned a lot and i had a great time.

于是我就选了商科，而且毕业后我也完全没有遗憾。我学到了很多，也过得很开心。

but after finishing my education, i had this longing for the path not taken. i really wanted to learn computer science. but going back to school didn’t appeal to me, four more years of my life, acceptance boards, tuition bills, i didn’t want to postpone my life and rack up debt, just to pursue a curiosity. i wanted the education, not the school.

但是在结束了我的大学教育之后，我一直对自己没有选的那条路心怀渴望。我真的很想学计算机科学。但是，回学校读书对我来说没有什么吸引力; 我不想再花4年时间，不想再应付一次招生委员会，不想再交学费，不想仅仅为了满足好奇心就推迟我的人生并背一大笔债。我想要的是教育，而不是学校。

and then i remembered that universities like mit, stanford and harvard, had a habit of putting up classes online for free. i’ve done a few of these before and then a thought occurred to me. if you could learn a class, why not an entire degree.

然后，我想起来像麻省理工、斯坦福和哈佛这样的大学都有把课程免费放到网上的习惯。我以前上过几次这种课，而这时我突然有了一个点子：如果你能用这种方法学一门课，为什么不直接学完一个学位呢?

so that was the beginning of an e_periment. would it be possible to get an mit education in computer science without ever going to mit? so it’s an intriguing idea,

于是，实验就这么开始了。到底有没有可能不去麻省理工就得到麻省理工的计算机科学教育呢?这个想法的确挺诱人的，

but already you can probably notice some of the comple_ities and objections this might raise. so going to mit is a lot more than just what you learn in the classroom.

不过你可能已经意识到这个事情很复杂，而且会引起一些人的反对。对，去麻省理工上学意味的并不仅仅是课堂上学的那些东西。

so how can you possibly hope to replicate something which is such a multifaceted e_perience? so i like to think college is a lot like eating at a five star restaurant.

你怎么可能用别的东西替代一个这么多维的体验呢?我觉得上大学很像是去米其林五星餐厅吃饭。

you’re never paying for just the food. you get the wait staff, elegant decor, the fancy french wines. you’re paying for a comple_ and multifaceted e_perience.

你绝不是仅仅为了食物才付那么多钱，你的消费还涵盖服务员的服务、雅致的装潢、高档的法国葡萄酒。你买的是一个复杂而多维的体验。

and the same is true at college. you get networking with your intellectual peers, research opportunities and credentials from elite institutions. and like the fancy restaurant you get a big bill at the end.

这对于上大学来说也是一样的。你可以和那些聪明的同辈互动，你能从这些精英机构得到研究机会以及证书。而且，和高档餐厅一样，你最终会拿到一份老贵的账单。

and you know what, sometimes this system works, but just as you probably don’t want to go to a five star restaurant, every time you get hungry, you probably also don’t want to go back to school every time you want to learn something. i didn’t want the five course meal. i wanted my education “a la carte”.

而事情是这样的，有时候这个系统的确有用，但就像你不是每次饿的时候都想去一家五星餐厅，你可能也不是每次想学点什么的时候都要回学校。我不想要一顿五道菜的全餐，我希望我的教育是“按需点菜”。

so what mattered most to me, was being able to understand the big ideas of computer science; things like algorithms, artificial intelligence, encryption, and the internet and being able to implement those ideas in computer programs.

所以，对我来说最重要的，一个是理解计算机科学里的主要概念，比如算法、人工智能、加密以及互联网;另一个是将这些概念运用到电脑程序里。

so i decided to make my challenge simple. my goal will be to try to pass the e_ams an mit student would do and to do the programming projects. i admit it is a simplification. it omits a lot of the mit e_periences.

于是我决定要让这次大学经历简单点。我的目标是通过麻省理工学生需要通过的考试，并实际动手编程。我承认这的确是个简化版本。它把去麻省理工上学的大部分体验都剔除了。

but for what i wanted to get out of it, it was a pretty good simplification. and what mattered more, it was a simplification that worked.

但对于我想从中获取的东西来说，这是个非常好的简化版本。而更重要的是，这个简化版本的确有用。

so i was able to build a curriculum of 33 classes, that with one or two minor e_ceptions was identical to the course list an mit student would use.

情况是这样的，我当时成功地建立起一个包含33门课的课表，这和一个麻省理工学生要用到的课表几乎是一模一样的，只有一两门课有点小区别。

and i was able to build this using only mit’s free online available information. the only cost was for a few te_t books which meant i could follow this entire program for under $20__.

而我建立这个课表时用的全是麻省理工放在网上的免费资源。唯一的花费就是买了些教科书，这意味着这个项目对我来说还不超过20__美元。

okay. so i have my goal and now i have the for the hard part: actually learning mit classes.

好，现在我既有目标也有资源了。接下来是困难的部分：真的学完这些课程。

i’m not kidding myself, mit is a really hard school, it’s notoriously difficult even for bright students and what’s more, i’m not going to have the help of faculty, and professors, and classmates that i can easily get help from.

我不是在闹着玩，麻省理工是个很难毕业的学校，即使对聪明的学生来说这里也是臭名昭著地难，而且，我还得不到教员、教授和同学的帮助。

so in theory the project’s doable but would it just be too difficult in practice? and when i told my friends about this, that i was planning on doing an mit degree on my own, they reinforced those doubts.

所以，理论上来讲这个项目是可行的，但它是不是因为太难而无法完成呢?而当我把这告诉我的朋友的时候，当我告诉他们我准备自学一整个麻省理工学位的时候，他们强化了那些疑虑。

they told me they couldn’t imagine trying to learn a mit degree on your own. it’d be too difficult without the constant guidance and support of faculty members.

他们告诉我，他们根本无法想象光凭自己就学完一个麻省理工的学位，没有教职人员的支援和引导这实在是太难了。

but that last point didn’t ring true for me, because when i went to college, i was in lecture halls like this one, where the professor would give a talk to an auditorium full of 300 students.

不过他们说的这最后一点在我看来并不正确，因为当我上大学的时候，我也去过这样的讲座，一个教授在里面会对着300个学生讲课。

yeah, sure that if i had a question i could rise my hand, but if i really didn’t understand something it was up to me to learn it.

的确，如果我有问题要问可以直接举手，但如果我有什么不懂的，最终只能自己学着去解决。

so perhaps the doubts and worries over do-it-yourself degree, had more to do with it being unconventional, than it being genuinely more difficult than a formal program.

所以，对于自助学位的疑虑，可能更多地来自于它的不同寻常，而非它比正统求学难。

and as i started doing the first few classes, my results were even more surprising than that. i found i was able to learn faster using this approach than i ever had while in university.

而当我开始学前几门课程的时候，我得到的结果甚至比这个还要惊人。我发现用这种方法学习的速度比我以前在大学里学习的速度要快多了。

so far from being an obstacle, it turned out that not going to mit had made my job a lot easier.

目前看来，这并不是一个障碍，事实证明不去mit反而让我的学习工作容易了不少。

okay, so that last bit deserves a little bit of an e_planation. after all, an mit student has access to everything i do, and much much more. how can i possibly have an advantage over a student when i have fewer resources? it defies common sense.

不过，最后这一点我得多做点解释。毕竟，我拥有的资源，mit的学生都有，而他们还拥有很多我没有的。当我的资源少于一个mit学生的时候，我怎么可能比ta有优势呢?这很违反常识。

so in order to e_plain this, i need to do a little bit of a detour. i need to go into the geeky realm of personal productivity. so there is a tool called the timelog.

想要解释这一点，我得绕点弯子，我得讲点个人生产力方面的艰深内容。而我要讲的是一种工具，它叫时间日志。

and here is how the timelog works. you jot down the starting and the stopping times for every activity you do. and i mean every activity, from when you wake up in the morning, to when you

take out the garbage.

时间日志是这样用的：你记下你做每件事的起始时间和完成时间。我说的是所有的事，包括你早上几时起床，以及你什么时候出去倒垃圾。

now my guess is that most of you here have never done a timelog before. you can just imagine how irritating that is to if you do one, the results can be eye-opening.

我猜你们中的大部分人以前都没有用过时间日志，你们可以想象得出这个有多么烦人。但只要你用过一次，它的结果会让你觉得发现了新世界。

so here’s a recent wall street journal article where the reporter did just that. she writes: “i soon realized i’d been lying to myself about where the time was going. what i thought was a 60-hour workweek wasn’t even close.

《华尔街日报》最近有篇文章，写这篇文章的记者就干了这个。她是这样写的`：“我很快意识到，对于‘我的时间都用在什么地方了’这一问题，我一直都在骗自己。我曾以为自己一周工作60小时，其实远没有那么多。

i would have guessed i spent hours doing dishes when in fact i spent minutes. i spent long stretches of time lost on the internet or puttering around the house, unsure e_actly what i was doing.”

我本以为我花在洗盘子上的时间有几小时，而实际上只有几分钟。在很大一部分时间里，我都是在网上闲逛或在家里瞎转悠，并不知道到底要干什么。”

now, because i am a huge geek i’ve done timelogs before and i can say the situation is even worse for students. the vast majority of time students spend, isn’t spent learning, it’s spent commuting to class, copying notes at starbucks, and trying to stay awake in lectures.

而由于我是个资深极客，我以前也用过时间日志，我可以告诉你们，学生人群的情况要糟糕得多。学生所花的绝大部分时间都没有用在学习上，而是用在了去上课的路上、在星巴克抄笔记、或者是在讲座上尽力不睡着。

if you could total up the amount of time that students spend forming new insights, and remembering facts which is of course what learning is, it would be tiny. and for the most part, this is not even the student’s fault.

如果你能把学生用在“形成新见解”和“记住新要点”上的时间加总，换句话说就是用在学习上的时间，你会发现它其实很少。而这很大程度上并不是学生的错。

after all, entrepreneurs often notice a startling difference in their productivity, at a start-up versus a big firm. big institutions mean bureaucracy. they mean paper work, they mean doing what you’re told instead of what’s important.

毕竟，企业家们也常常发现自己在刚创业时和公司做大时的产出率完全不一样。大机构意味着官僚主义。它们意味着更多的纸面流程，意味着你得做上级告诉你的事而不是真正重要的事。

so being an educational entrepreneur can therefore offer some learning advantages over people in a formal system. so, take lectures as a perfect e_ample. so, when i would do mit lectures, when i started doing the classes,

所以，像我这样把自我教育当创业来做的人，比那些在正规系统里学习的人更有学习优势。比如讲座就是个完美的例子。当我要听一场mit讲座或者一门课的时候，

i would watch them at one and a half times the speed. this may sound very difficult, but the difference is barely audible in human speech, and of course, if it goes too fast, you just hit rewind.

我会用1.5倍速来听。这听起来可能很难，不过其中的区别基本听不出来，而且，如果真的太快了，你完全可以倒回去重听。

students in a regular classroom don’t have access to a fast-forward or rewind button, even though i’m guessing most of them would like one. and the impact of this isn’t trivial.

教室里的学生并没有快进键和倒带键可以用，然而我觉得他们其实都想要一套。这点不同带来的后果可不小。

by being able to watch lectures at a slightly faster pace, and watching them sequentially, i was able to take classes that normally span four months, and watch them in two days of real time.

由于可以用稍微快一点的速度播放这些讲座，并且可以连着把它们看完，我可以把正常情况下4个月的课程压到2天内看完。

or take assignments. students do assignments because they have to. yes, sometimes they facilitate learning, but sometimes they don’t. for e_ample, if you are struggling with a concept why wait weeks to get your answers back?

还有作业。学生们做作业是因为有人要求他们这么做。对，有的时候这对学习有帮助，但有的时候并没有。比如，如果你正在为某个概念纠结，为什么非得等好几周才得到反馈呢?

when i would do a hard mit assignment, i would do the questions with the solution key in hand, one question at a time, because it’s tight feedback loops like this that cognitive scientists recognize as being critical to learning.

当我需要做一份很难的mit作业时，我手里同时也拿着答案，每次只做一个题，因为认知科学家们认为这样的及时反馈对学习来说至关重要。

and you don’t need to be a genius to apply these ideas either. being able to replay key segments of lectures; being able to get immediate feedback on your skills; these are structural advantages that benefit slow learners as much as they benefit fast ones.

而且，并不是只有天才才能运用这些点子。能够回放讲座中的关键部分、能够立即得到关于技能的反馈，这些结构性的优势对慢学生和快学生来说都很有益。

so, where am i right now? as of this moment i’ve completed 20 of the 33 computer science courses in the mit curriculum. and by completed i mean that i’ve passed those final e_ams and i did the programming projects associated with those classes.

那么，到现在我学得怎样了呢?现在我已经完成了mit课表里33门计算机科学课程的20门。我说的“完成”是指：通过了期末考试，而且完成了相关的编程项目。

and what’s more, because of speed-ups like this that i have mentioned, i’m on track to finishing the program in 12 months instead of 4 years.

更值得一提的是，因为有我刚刚提到的这些提速方法，我正顺利地把4年的课程压缩到12个月内学完。

so today the big topic is about how technology is going to change educational institutions and classrooms. i think this misses the point. the big upheavals in education aren’t going to be about schools, they are going to be about students.

今天我们谈的主题是技术将如何改变教育机构和课堂。但我认为这个命题其实没有切中要点。

and i am not alone in believing this. there is already grassroot organizations looking to rethink education, not from the top-down but from the bottom-up. these are movements that are not planned by schools or governments, but from students who are fed up with the limited options the current system provides.

而且不止我一个人这么认为。已经有些草根组织在重新构思教育了，不是自上而下，而是自下而上。这些运动并不是由学校或政府策划的，而是由那些受够了现有体系里有限选择的学生们发起的。

education hacking is the new trend. so billionaire investor peter thiel now gives $100,000 scholarship to students, not to go to school but to drop out, and start something interesting.

在教育方式上开辟新道路是现在的新潮流。所以亿万富翁peter thiel现在给学生们提供了一份10万美元的奖学金，而且不是奖励那些去学校的学生，而是奖励那些从学校辍学来创造有趣事业的人。

and so when the best and brightest and most motivated start singling their talent by not going to school, the rest of the world will take notice.

而当那些最杰出、最有才、最有行动力的人开始通过不去上学来发挥自己的才能时，世界上的其他人都会注意到的。

and it is not an “all or nothing” proposition either. jay cross, the founder of “do-it-yourself degree” is putting together a list of universities based on the number of transfer credits they accept.

而且这不是一个“非此即彼”的事。“自助学位”的创始人jay cross正在组建一个清单，按照一所大学接受的可转换学分数来给大学排序。

that means you can go to a real university, and get a real degree, but minimize the amount of time you have to spend learning in the classroom.

这意味着你可以去一所货真价实的大学拿到一个货真价实的学位，并能只在教室里花尽量少的时间。

look, i get it, maybe you don’t want to go to mit or try to learn an mit degree on your own just for fun, i get that.

我知道，可能你并不想去上mit或者为了好玩而靠自己学完一个mit学位所需的课程，我明白这一点。

but even if you decide to do your education the old fashion way, this still impacts you. the world is changing too fast to believe that learning stops once you get your diploma.

但是，即使你决定用老式的方法来接受教育，这依旧可以影响到你现在的世界变化得太快了，你不可能一拿到文凭就停止学习。

being able to teach yourself comple_ skills and big ideas is going to be essential to stay , like it or not, most education in the future is going to be self-education.

自学复杂技巧和重大思潮的能力对于保持竞争力来说至关重要。所以，不管你喜欢与否，未来的教育将主要是自我教育。

universities aren’t going away anytime soon, they will always offer things self-education will miss. they’re a great e_perience even if they’re sometimes an e_pensive one.

大学不会在短时间内消失，它们将一直提供一些自我教育不能提供的东西。而且上大学是个很棒的体验，虽然有时候真的很贵。

but that said, i believe self-education is the future. if a person like me can learn an mit degree in one quarter of the time and 1/100 of the financial cost, what’s to stop you from doing it too?thank you.

不过，即便如此，我也相信自我教育才是未来的主流。如果我这样一个人能够只花1/4的时间和1/100的钱就学完一个mit的学位，你们又怎么会没可能呢?谢谢大家。

第6篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计6015个字，预计看完需要16分钟，共有245位用户收藏，23人推荐！

when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time. and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. and this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right ne_t to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

(laughter)

camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. and it went like this: 'r-o-w-d-i-e, that's the way we spell rowdie. rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie.' yeah. so i couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (laughter) but i recited a cheer. i recited a cheer along with everybody else. i did my best. and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books.

but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, 'why are you being so mellow?' -- mellow, of course, being the e_act opposite of r-o-w-d-i-e. and then the second time i tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned e_pression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

and so i put my books away, back in their suitcase, and i put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. and i felt kind of guilty about this. i felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them. but i did forsake them and i didn't open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

now, i tell you this story about summer camp. i could have told you 50 others just like it -- all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go, that i should be trying to pass as more of an e_trovert. and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty e_cellent just as they were. but for years i denied this intuition, and so i became a wall street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that i had always longed to be -- partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too. and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. and i made these self-negating choices so refle_ively, that i wasn't even aware that i was making them.

now this is what many introverts do, and it's our loss for sure, but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss. and at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss. because when it comes to creativity and to leadership, we need introverts doing what they do best. a third to a half of the population are introverts -- a third to a half. so that's one out of every two or three people you know. so even if you're an e_trovert yourself, i'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your children and the person sitting ne_t to you right now -- all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society. we all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing.

now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is. it's different from being shy. shyness is about fear of social judgment. introversion is more about, how do you respond to stimulation, including social stimulation. so e_troverts really crave large amounts of stimulation, whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched-on and their most capable when they're in quieter, more low-key environments. not all the time -- these things aren't absolute -- but a lot of the time. so the key then to ma_imizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

but now here's where the bias comes in. our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, they are designed mostly for e_troverts and for e_troverts' need for lots of stimulation. and also we have this belief system right now that i call the new groupthink, which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

so if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: when i was going to school, we sat in rows. we sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously. but nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or si_ or seven kids all facing each other. and kids are working in countless group assignments. even in subjects like math and creative writing, which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now e_pected to act as committee members. and for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. and the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an e_trovert as opposed to an introvert, even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable, according to research. (laughter)

okay, same thing is true in our workplaces. now, most of us work in open plan offices, without walls, where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers. and when it comes to leadership, introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions, even though introverts tend to be very careful, much less likely to take outsize risks -- which is something we might all favor nowadays. and interesting research by adam grant at the wharton school has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than e_troverts do, because when they are managing proactive employees, they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas, whereas an e_trovert can, quite unwittingly, get so e_cited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things, and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts. i'll give you some e_amples. eleanor roosevelt, rosa parks, gandhi -- all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy. and they all took the spotlight, even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to. and this turns out to have a special power all its own, because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm, not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at; they were there because they had no choice, because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

now i think at this point it's important for me to say that i actually love e_troverts. i always like to say some of my best friends are e_troverts, including my beloved husband. and we all fall at different points, of course, along the introvert/e_trovert spectrum. even carl jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure e_trovert. he said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum, if he e_isted at all. and some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/e_trovert spectrum, and we call these people ambiverts. and i often think that they have the best of all worlds. but many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

and what i'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance. we need more of a yin and yang between these two types. this is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity, because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people, what they find are people who are very good at e_changing ideas and advancing ideas, but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

and this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity. so darwin, he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations. theodor geisel, better known as dr. seuss, he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in la jolla, california. and he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were e_pecting him this kind of jolly santa claus-like figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona. steve wozniak invented the first apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in hewlett-packard where he was working at the time. and he says that he never would have become such an e_pert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up.

now of course, this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating -- and case in point, is steve wozniak famously coming together with steve jobs to start apple computer -- but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe. and in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude. it's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it. if you look at most of the world's major religions, you will find seekers -- moses, jesus, buddha, muhammad -- seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community. so no wilderness, no revelations.

this is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology. it turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions. even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to, you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

and groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room, even though there's zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas -- i mean zero. so ... (laughter) you might be following the person with the best ideas, but you might not. and do you really want to leave it up to chance? much better for everybody to go off by themselves, generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics, and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well-managed environment and take it from there.

now if all this is true, then why are we getting it so wrong? why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces? and why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time? one answer lies deep in our cultural history. western societies, and in particular the u.s., have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and 'man' of contemplation. but in america's early days, we lived in what historians call a culture of character, where we still, at that point, valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude. and if you look at the self-help books from this era, they all had titles with things like 'character, the grandest thing in the world.' and they featured role models like abraham lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming. ralph waldo emerson called him 'a man who does not offend by superiority.'

but then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality. what happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business. and so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities. and instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives, now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers. so, quite understandably, qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important. and sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like 'how to win friends and influence people.' and they feature as their role models really great salesmen. so that's the world we're living in today. that's our cultural inheritance.

now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant, and i'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all. the same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust. and the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so comple_ that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together. but i am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves, the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

so now i'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today. guess what? books. i have a suitcase full of books. here's margaret atwood, 'cat's eye.' here's a novel by milan kundera. and here's 'the guide for the perple_ed' by maimonides. but these are not e_actly my books. i brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

my grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when i was growing up, partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books. i mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books. just like the rest of my family, my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

but he also loved his congregation, and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi. he would takes the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought. and people would come from all over to hear him speak.

but here's the thing about my grandfather. underneath this ceremonial role, he was really modest and really introverted -- so much so that when he delivered these sermons, he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years. and even away from the podium, when you called him to say hello, he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time. but when he died at the age of 94, the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him. and so these days i try to learn from my grandfather's e_ample in my own way.

so i just published a book about introversion, and it took me about seven years to write. and for me, that seven years was like total bliss, because i was reading, i was writing, i was thinking, i was researching. it was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library. but now all of a sudden my job is very different, and my job is to be out here talking about it, talking about introversion. (laughter) and that's a lot harder for me, because as honored as i am to be here with all of you right now, this is not my natural milieu.

so i prepared for moments like these as best i could. i spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance i could get. and i call this my 'year of speaking dangerously.' (laughter) and that actually helped a lot. but i'll tell you, what helps even more is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude, we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change. i mean, we are. and so i am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

number one: stop the madness for constant group work. just stop it. (laughter) thank you. (applause) and i want to be clear about what i'm saying, because i deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions -- you know, the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an e_change of ideas. that is great. it's great for introverts and it's great for e_troverts. but we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work. school, same thing. we need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure, but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own. this is especially important for e_troverted children too. they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

okay, number two: go to the wilderness. be like buddha, have your own revelations. i'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again, but i am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.

number three: take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there. so e_troverts, maybe your suitcases are also full of books. or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment. whatever it is, i hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy. but introverts, you being you, you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase. and that's okay. but occasionally, just occasionally, i hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see, because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

so i wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly.

thank you very much.

(applause)

thank you. thank you.

第7篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计658个字，预计看完需要2分钟，共有206位用户收藏，12人推荐！

a black boy in wine factory guard oak his father. every morning, he wipes a clean bucket, then the rows of neatly placed. make him angry, often overnight, the wind took him neatly arranged barrel blown reel right and left.

the little boy was very sad and cried. the father touched the boy's head and said, "son, don't cry, we can find a way to conquer the wind"

the little boy sat on the edge of the barrel and wiped the tears to think, think for a long time has finally come up with a solution, he from the edge of the well choose a barrel and a barrel of water, then pour them into the empty barrel, and then he was very upset to go home to bed. for second days, just before dawn the little boy, hurriedly climb up, he ran to the place where the vats, the oak a are arranged neatly, no one was blown over by the wind, no one has been blown crooked. the little boy laughed, he said to his father: "to wooden barrels to be blown, will increase the weight of the bucket." the boy's father smiled approvingly.

yes, we can not change the wind, the world can not change a lot of things, but we can change ourselves, to increase their own, so that we can adapt to change, not to be defeated!

westminster abbey in the basement, the tomb of an anglican bishop wrote such a sentence: when i was young and free and my imagination had no limits, i dreamed of changing the world. as i grew older and wiser, i discovered the world would not be changed, so i will focus on the so some, it only changed my country! but my country seems i cannot change. when i arrived in twilight years, in one last desperate attempt, i decided to change only my family, those closest to me, but alas! they don't accept change. now i on his deathbed, i suddenly realize: if i had only changed myself first, then by example i would have changed my family. then, in their inspiration and encouragement, i may change my country. and then, who knows, maybe i can change the whole world.

第8篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计675个字，预计看完需要2分钟，共有246位用户收藏，17人推荐！

good morning,dear teacher and my friends.

it’s a very intresting topic today.

i think my dad was a hero for me when i was a young child. we'd go fishing, walks, and other fun things for a kid.

every child has a good and great father, and so do i. my dad played a very important role in my daily life——exactly speaking, in my past 16 years.

my father always stands in the center of my life， from past till now and possibly in the future.

my family was rather poor when i was in my childhood. we didn't have our own house and had to live in a shabby， small room rented from my father's factory. the room was so small that there was little space for people to walk. i didn't have my own bed and had to sleep with my parents. this is terrible both for my parents and me.

but father made this all different!he works very hard on his own business, now we have our own 2 housese,surly,i have my own room.and he take our family so much happiness, richer and richer.

when i was little, i did everything with my dad. you could always find me sitting on his knee or walking and doing everything with him. every night he would read me a bed time story and make the voices of each character.

i learnt a lot from my daddy. i learnt to never take things to seriously and to always smile.

like many other fathers, my dad and i also has generation gap. he is not good at or even can’t work the computer. so when i sitting at the computer desk,he will say something like ‘you should pay more attention to your study’， ‘don’t waste time on the computer games’ , ‘it will be bad for your eyes’ and so on. how can i- a computer fan – reduce time on computer? so i continue studying and playing on it

years pasted, my father is over 45 now. it is time for me to look after him and i am sure i will do and we will live an even better life. and i will say,i really love you dad,cause you are the hero in my mind.

thank you so much!

第9篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计7205个字，预计看完需要19分钟，共有284位用户收藏，24人推荐！

what fear can teach us

恐惧可以教会我们什么

one day in 1819, 3,000 miles off the coast of chile, in one of the most remote regions of the pacific ocean, 20 american sailors watched their ship flood with seawater.

1820xx年的某一天， 在距离智利海岸3000英里的地方， 有一个太平洋上的最偏远的水域， 20名美国船员目睹了他们的船只进水的场面。

they'd been struck by a sperm whale, which had ripped a catastrophic hole in the ship's hull. as their ship began to sink beneath the swells, the men huddled together in three small whaleboats.

他们和一头抹香鲸相撞，给船体撞了 一个毁灭性的大洞。 当船在巨浪中开始沉没时， 人们在三条救生小艇中抱作一团。

these men were 10,000 miles from home, more than 1,000 miles from the nearest scrap of land. in their small boats, they carried only rudimentary navigational equipment and limited supplies of food and water.

这些人在离家10000万英里的地方， 离最近的陆地也超过1000英里。 在他们的小艇中，他们只带了 落后的导航设备 和有限的食物和饮水。

these were the men of the whaleship essex, whose story would later inspire parts of "moby dick."

他们就是捕鲸船essex上的人们， 后来的他们的故事成为《白鲸记》的一部分。

even in today's world, their situation would be really dire, but think about how much worse it would have been then.

即使在当今的世界，碰上这种情况也够杯具的，更不用说在当时的情况有多糟糕。

no one on land had any idea that anything had gone wrong. no search party was coming to look for these men. so most of us have never experienced a situation as frightening as the one in which these sailors found themselves, but we all know what it's like to be afraid.

岸上的人根本就还没意识到出了什么问题。 没有任何人来搜寻他们。 我们当中大部分人没有经历过 这些船员所处的可怕情景， 但我们都知道害怕是什么感觉。

we know how fear feels, but i'm not sure we spend enough time thinking about what our fears mean.

我们知道恐惧的感觉， 但是我不能肯定我们会花很多时间想过 我们的恐惧到底意味着什么。

as we grow up, we're often encouraged to think of fear as a weakness, just another childish thing to discard like baby teeth or roller skates.

我们长大以后，我们总是会被鼓励把恐惧 视为软弱，需要像乳牙或轮滑鞋一样 扔掉的幼稚的东西。

and i think it's no accident that we think this way. neuroscientists have actually shown that human beings are hard-wired to be optimists.

我想意外事故并非我们所想的那样。 神经系统科学家已经知道人类 生来就是乐观主义者。

so maybe that's why we think of fear, sometimes, as a danger in and of itself. "don't worry," we like to say to one another. "don't panic." in english, fear is something we conquer. it's something we fight.

这也许就是为什么我们认为有时候恐惧， 本身就是一种危险或带来危险。 “不要愁。”我们总是对别人说。“不要慌”。 英语中，恐惧是我们需要征服的东西。 是我们必须对抗的东西，是我们必须克服的东西。

it's something we overcome. but what if we looked at fear in a fresh way? what if we thought of fear as an amazing act of the imagination, something that can be as profound and insightful as storytelling itself?

但是我们如果换个视角看恐惧会如何呢? 如果我们把恐惧当做是想象力的一个惊人成果， 是和我们讲故事一样 精妙而有见地的东西，又会如何呢?

it's easiest to see this link between fear and the imagination in young children, whose fears are often extraordinarily vivid.

在小孩子当中，我们最容易看到恐惧与想象之间的联系， 他们的恐惧经常是超级生动的。

when i was a child, i lived in california, which is, you know, mostly a very nice place to live, but for me as a child, california could also be a little scary.

我小时候住在加利福尼亚， 你们都知道，是非常适合居住的位置， 但是对一个小孩来说，加利福尼亚也会有点吓人。

i remember how frightening it was to see the chandelier that hung above our dining table swing back and forth during every minor earthquake, and i sometimes couldn't sleep at night, terrified that the big one might strike while we were sleeping.

我记得每次小地震的时候 当我看到我们餐桌上的吊灯 晃来晃去的时候是多么的吓人， 我经常会彻夜难眠，担心大地震 会在我们睡觉的时候突然袭来。

and what we say about kids who have fears like that is that they have a vivid imagination. but at a certain point, most of us learn to leave these kinds of visions behind and grow up.

我们说小孩子感受到这种恐惧 是因为他们有生动的想象力。 但是在某个时候，我们大多数学会了 抛弃这种想法而变得成熟。

we learn that there are no monsters hiding under the bed, and not every earthquake brings buildings down. but maybe it's no coincidence that some of our most creative minds fail to leave these kinds of fears behind as adults.

我们都知道床下没有魔鬼， 也不是每个地震都会震垮房子。但是我们当中最有想象力的人们 并没有因为成年而抛弃这种恐惧，这也许并不是巧合。

the same incredible imaginations that produced "the origin of species," "jane eyre" and "the remembrance of things past," also generated intense worries that haunted the adult lives of charles darwin, charlotte brontăť and marcel proust. so the question is, what can the rest of us learn about fear from visionaries and young children?

同样不可思议的想象力创造了《物种起源》， 《简·爱》和《追忆似水年华》， 也就是这种与生俱来的深深的担忧一直缠绕着成年的 查尔斯·达尔文， 夏洛特·勃朗特和马塞尔·普罗斯特。 问题就来了， 我们其他人如何能从这些 梦想家和小孩子身上学会恐惧?

well let's return to the year 1819 for a moment, to the situation facing the crew of the whaleship essex. let's take a look at the fears that their imaginations were generating as they drifted in the middle of the pacific.

让我们暂时回到1820xx年， 回到essex捕鲸船的水手们面对的情况。 让我们看看他们漂流在太平洋中央时 他们的想象力给他们带来的恐惧感觉。

twenty-four hours had now passed since the capsizing of the ship. the time had come for the men to make a plan, but they had very few options.

船倾覆后已经过了24个小时。 这时人们制定了一个计划， 但是其实他们没什么太多的选择。

in his fascinating account of the disaster, nathaniel philbrick wrote that these men were just about as far from land as it was possible to be anywhere on earth.

在纳撒尼尔·菲尔布里克(nathaniel philbrick)描述这场灾难的 动人文章中，他写到“这些人离陆地如此之远， 似乎永远都不可能到达地球上的任何一块陆地。”

the men knew that the nearest islands they could reach were the marquesas islands, 1,200 miles away. but they'd heard some frightening rumors.

这些人知道离他们最近的岛 是1200英里以外的马克萨斯群岛(marquesas islands)。 但是他们听到了让人恐怖的谣言。

they'd been told that these islands, and several others nearby, were populated by cannibals. so the men pictured coming ashore only to be murdered and eaten for dinner. another possible destination was hawaii, but given the season, the captain was afraid they'd be struck by severe storms.

他们听说这些群岛， 以及附近的一些岛屿上都住着食人族。 所以他们脑中都是上岸以后就会被杀掉 被人当做盘中餐的画面。 另一个可行的目的地是夏威夷， 但是船长担心 他们会被困在风暴当中。

now the last option was the longest, and the most difficult: to sail 1,500 miles due south in hopes of reaching a certain band of winds that could eventually push them toward the coast of south america.

所以最后的选择是到最远，也是最艰险的地方： 往南走1500英里希望某股风 能最终把他们 吹到南美洲的海岸。

but they knew that the sheer length of this journey would stretch their supplies of food and water. to be eaten by cannibals, to be battered by storms, to starve to death before reaching land.

但是他们知道这个行程中一旦偏航 将会耗尽他们食物和饮水的供给。 被食人族吃掉，被风暴掀翻， 在登陆前饿死。

these were the fears that danced in the imaginations of these poor men, and as it turned out, the fear they chose to listen to would govern whether they lived or died.

这就是萦绕在这群可怜的人想象中的恐惧， 事实证明，他们选择听从的恐惧 将决定他们的生死。

now we might just as easily call these fears by a different name. what if instead of calling them fears, we called them stories?

也许我们可以很容易的用别的名称来称呼这些恐惧。 我们不称之为恐惧， 而是称它们为故事如何?

because that's really what fear is, if you think about it. it's a kind of unintentional storytelling that we are all born knowing how to do. and fears and storytelling have the same components.

如果你仔细想想，这是恐惧真正的意义。 这是一种与生俱来的， 无意识的讲故事的能力。 恐惧和讲故事有着同样的构成。

they have the same architecture. like all stories, fears have characters. in our fears, the characters are us. fears also have plots. they have beginnings and middles and ends. you board the plane.

他们有同样的结构。 如同所有的故事，恐惧中有角色。 在恐惧中，角色就是我们自己。 恐惧也有情节。他们有开头，有中间，有结尾。 你登上飞机。

the plane takes off. the engine fails. our fears also tend to contain imagery that can be every bit as vivid as what you might find in the pages of a novel. picture a cannibal, human teeth sinking into human skin, human flesh roasting over a fire.

飞机起飞。结果引擎故障。 我们的恐惧会包括各种生动的想象， 不比你看到的任何一个小说逊色。 想象食人族，人类牙齿 咬在人类皮肤上， 人肉在火上烤。

fears also have suspense. if i've done my job as a storyteller today, you should be wondering what happened to the men of the whaleship essex. our fears provoke in us a very similar form of suspense.

恐惧中也有悬念。 如果我今天像讲故事一样，留个悬念不说了， 你们也许会很想知道 essex捕鲸船上，人们到底怎么样了。 我们的恐惧用悬念一样的方式刺激我们。

just like all great stories, our fears focus our attention on a question that is as important in life as it is in literature: what will happen next?

就像一个很好的故事，我们的恐惧也如同一部好的文学作品一样， 将我们的注意力集中在对我们生命至关重要的问题上： 后来发生了什么?

in other words, our fears make us think about the future. and humans, by the way, are the only creatures capable of thinking about the future in this way, of projecting ourselves forward in time, and this mental time travel is just one more thing that fears have in common with storytelling.

换而言之，我们的恐惧让我们想到未来。 另外，人来是唯一有能力 通过这种方式想到未来的生物， 就是预测时间推移后我们的状况， 这种精神上的时间旅行是恐惧 与讲故事的另一个共同点。

as a writer, i can tell you that a big part of writing fiction is learning to predict how one event in a story will affect all the other events, and fear works in that same way.

我是一个作家，我要告诉你们写小说一个很重要的部分 就是学会预测故事中一件 事情如何影响另一件事情， 恐惧也是同样这么做的。

in fear, just like in fiction, one thing always leads to another. when i was writing my first novel, "the age of miracles," i spent months trying to figure out what would happen if the rotation of the earth suddenly began to slow down. what would happen to our days?

恐惧中，如同小说一样，一件事情总是导致另一件事情。 我写我的第一部小说《奇迹时代》的时候， 我花了数月的时间想象如果地球旋转突然变慢了之后 会发生什么。 我们的一天变得如何?

what would happen to our crops? what would happen to our minds? and then it was only later that i realized how very similar these questions were to the ones i used to ask myself as a child frightened in the night.

我们身体会怎样? 我们的思想会有什么变化? 也就是在那之后，我意识到 我过去总是问自己的那些些问题 和孩子们在夜里害怕是多么的相像。

if an earthquake strikes tonight, i used to worry, what will happen to our house? what will happen to my family? and the answer to those questions always took the form of a story.

要是在过去，如果今晚发生地震，我会很担心， 我的房子会怎么样啊?家里人会怎样啊? 这类问题的答案通常都会和故事一样。

so if we think of our fears as more than just fears but as stories, we should think of ourselves as the authors of those stories. but just as importantly, we need to think of ourselves as the readers of our fears, and how we choose to read our fears can have a profound effect on our lives.

所以我们认为我们的恐惧不仅仅是恐惧 还是故事，我们应该把自己当作 这些故事的作者。 但是同样重要的是，我们需要想象我们自己 是我们恐惧的解读者，我们选择如何 去解读这些恐惧会对我们的生活产生深远的影响。

now, some of us naturally read our fears more closely than others. i read about a study recently of successful entrepreneurs, and the author found that these people shared a habit that he called "productive paranoia," which meant that these people, instead of dismissing their fears, these people read them closely, they studied them, and then they translated that fear into preparation and action.

现在，我们中有些人比其他人更自然的解读自己的恐惧。 最近我看过一个关于成功的企业家的研究， 作者发现这些人都有个习惯 叫做“未雨绸缪“， 意思是，这些人，不回避自己的恐惧， 而是认真解读并研究恐惧， 然后把恐惧转换成准备和行动。

so that way, if their worst fears came true, their businesses were ready.

这样，如果最坏的事情发生了， 他们的企业也有所准备。

and sometimes, of course, our worst fears do come true. that's one of the things that is so extraordinary about fear. once in a while, our fears can predict the future.

当然，很多时候，最坏的事情确实发生了。 这是恐惧非凡的一面。 曾几何时，我们的恐惧预测将来。

but we can't possibly prepare for all of the fears that our imaginations concoct. so how can we tell the difference between the fears worth listening to and all the others? i think the end of the story of the whaleship essex offers an illuminating, if tragic, example.

但是我们不可能为我们想象力构建的所有 恐惧来做准备。 所以，如何区分值得听从的恐惧 和不值得的呢? 我想捕鲸船essex的故事结局 提供了一个有启发性，同时又悲惨的例子。

after much deliberation, the men finally made a decision. terrified of cannibals, they decided to forgo the closest islands and instead embarked on the longer and much more difficult route to south america.

经过数次权衡，他们最终做出了决定。 由于害怕食人族，他们决定放弃最近的群岛 而是开始更长 更艰难的南美洲之旅。

after more than two months at sea, the men ran out of food as they knew they might, and they were still quite far from land. when the last of the survivors were finally picked up by two passing ships, less than half of the men were left alive, and some of them had resorted to their own form of cannibalism.

在海上呆了两个多月后，他们 的食物如预料之中消耗殆尽， 而且他们仍然离陆地那么远。 当最后的幸存者最终被过往船只救起时， 只有一小半的人还活着， 实际上他们中的一些人自己变成了食人族。

herman melville, who used this story as research for "moby dick," wrote years later, and from dry land, quote, "all the sufferings of these miserable men of the essex might in all human probability have been avoided had they, immediately after leaving the wreck, steered straight for tahiti.

赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(herman melville)将这个故事作为 《白鲸记》的素材，在数年后写到： essex船上遇难者的悲惨结局 或许是可以通过人为的努力避免的， 如果他们当机立断地离开沉船， 直奔塔西提群岛。

but," as melville put it, "they dreaded cannibals." so the question is, why did these men dread cannibals so much more than the extreme likelihood of starvation?

“但是”，梅尔维尔说道：“他们害怕食人族” 问题是，为什么这些人对于食人族的恐惧 超过了更有可能的饥饿威胁呢?

why were they swayed by one story so much more than the other? looked at from this angle, theirs becomes a story about reading. the novelist vladimir nabokov said that the best reader has a combination of two very different temperaments, the artistic and the scientific.

为什么他们会被一个故事 影响如此之大呢? 从另一个角度来看， 这是一个关于解读的故事。 小说家弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫(vladimir nabokov)说 最好的读者能把两种截然不同的性格结合起来， 一个是艺术气质，一个是科学精神。

a good reader has an artist's passion, a willingness to get caught up in the story, but just as importantly, the readers also needs the coolness of judgment of a scientist, which acts to temper and complicate the reader's intuitive reactions to the story. as we've seen, the men of the essex had no trouble with the artistic part.

好的读者有艺术家的热情， 愿意融入故事当中， 但是同样重要的是，这些读者还要 有科学家的冷静判断， 这能帮助他们稳定情绪并分析 其对故事的直觉反应。 我们可以看出来，essex上的人在艺术部分一点问题都没有。

they dreamed up a variety of horrifying scenarios. the problem was that they listened to the wrong story. of all the narratives their fears wrote, they responded only to the most lurid, the most vivid, the one that was easiest for their imaginations to picture: cannibals.

他们梦想到一系列恐怖的场景。 问题在于他们听从了一个错误的故事。 所有他们恐惧中 他们只对其中最耸人听闻，最生动的故事， 也是他们想象中最早出现的场景： 食人族。

but perhaps if they'd been able to read their fears more like a scientist, with more coolness of judgment, they would have listened instead to the less violent but the more likely tale, the story of starvation, and headed for tahiti, just as melville's sad commentary suggests.

也许，如果他们能像科学家那样 稍微冷静一点解读这个故事， 如果他们能听从不太惊悚但是更可能发生的 半路饿死的故事，他们可能就会直奔塔西提群岛， 如梅尔维尔充满惋惜的评论所建议的那样。

and maybe if we all tried to read our fears, we too would be less often swayed by the most salacious among them.

也许如果我们都试着解读自己的恐惧， 我们就能少被 其中的一些幻象所迷惑。

maybe then we'd spend less time worrying about serial killers and plane crashes, and more time concerned with the subtler and slower disasters we face: the silent buildup of plaque in our arteries, the gradual changes in our climate.

我们也就能少花一点时间在 为系列杀手或者飞机失事方面的担忧， 而是更多的关心那些悄然而至 的灾难： 动脉血小板的逐渐堆积， 气候的逐渐变迁。

just as the most nuanced stories in literature are often the richest, so too might our subtlest fears be the truest. read in the right way, our fears are an amazing gift of the imagination, a kind of everyday clairvoyance, a way of glimpsing what might be the future when there's still time to influence how that future will play out.

如同文学中最精妙的故事通常是最丰富的故事， 我们最细微的恐惧才是最真实的恐惧。 用正确的方法的解读，我们的恐惧就是我们想象力 赐给我们的礼物，借此一双慧眼， 让我们能管窥未来 甚至影响未来。

properly read, our fears can offer us something as precious as our favorite works of literature: a little wisdom, a bit of insight and a version of that most elusive thing -- the truth. thank you.

如果能得到正确的解读，我们的恐惧能 和我们最喜欢的文学作品一样给我们珍贵的东西： 一点点智慧，一点点洞悉 以及对最玄妙东西—— 真相的诠释。 谢谢。

(applause)

(掌声)

第10篇 ted英文演讲稿

阅读小贴士：本篇共计437个字，预计看完需要2分钟，共有140位用户收藏，25人推荐！

many people yearn to be more self-confident. yet they have no idea how to achieve that objective. they look at others who have the gift and say, “hey that’s what i want. i hate feeling unsure of myself. i wish i could stop obsessing about what others think of me and quit worrying about disappointing other people. i want to stop anguishing over my decisions and torturing myself about my mistakes. i think it would be so great to feel self-assured, hold my head up high and stand tall. i’ve never been self-confident. i wish there were a way i could be.”

there is a way. you don’t have to be born with self-confidence. self-confidence can grow and flourish and ripen and blossom until you actually come to feel as though there is a different person inside of you. here are some insights that might facilitate the quest.

learn what a self-confident person is really like. they are not cocky, know-it-all people who don’t care what anybody else thinks. they have their doubts. and make mistakes. and are far from perfect. however, they are willing to acknowledge their inadequacies without dwelling on them. they do this by maintaining a sense of humor, putting problems in perspective, and focusing mainly on what they’ve done right, not wrong.